除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作好壞，不僅(jin)直接影響到(dao)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)可靠(kao)運(yun)行(xing)，還關系到(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)產系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)正常運(yun)行(xing)、車間廠區(qu)和周邊(bian)居民的(de)(de)(de)環境衛生(sheng)(sheng)、風機葉片的(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)損和壽命，同時(shi)還涉及有經濟價值(zhi)物料的(de)(de)(de)回收利用問題。因此，必須正確地設計、選擇(ze)與(yu)使用除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)。選擇(ze)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)時(shi)必須全(quan)面(mian)考(kao)慮(lv)一次(ci)投資(zi)和運(yun)行(xing)費用，如除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率、壓力(li)損失、可靠(kao)性、一次(ci)投資(zi)、占地面(mian)積、維修管理等因素，根據(ju)煙塵(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)理化性質、特點(dian)和生(sheng)(sheng)產工(gong)藝的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求，針對性地選擇(ze)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)。

1.根據(ju)除塵效(xiao)率的要求(qiu)

所(suo)選除塵(chen)器必須(xu)滿(man)足排放(fang)標準(zhun)的要求。

不同的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)具(ju)有不同的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率。對于(yu)運(yun)行(xing)狀況不穩定或波動(dong)較大的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)系(xi)統，要注意(yi)煙氣處理量變(bian)化對除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率的(de)影響。正常運(yun)行(xing)時，除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)效(xiao)率高低排序是：袋式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)、電除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)及文丘(qiu)里除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)、水膜旋風(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)、旋風(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)、慣性除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)、重力除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)

2.根據氣(qi)體性質

選擇除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)時，必須考慮(lv)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)風(feng)量、溫(wen)度(du)、成(cheng)分、濕度(du)等因素。電除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)適合(he)(he)于大風(feng)量、溫(wen)度(du)<400℃的(de)(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)凈(jing)(jing)化；袋(dai)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)適合(he)(he)于溫(wen)度(du)<260℃的(de)(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)凈(jing)(jing)化，不(bu)受(shou)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)量大小(xiao)的(de)(de)限制，當溫(wen)度(du)≥260℃時，煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)應冷卻降(jiang)溫(wen)后方可(ke)(ke)使用(yong)(yong)袋(dai)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)；袋(dai)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)宜處理高濕度(du)和(he)含油(you)污的(de)(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)凈(jing)(jing)化；易燃易爆(bao)的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)凈(jing)(jing)化（如煤氣(qi)(qi)(qi)）適合(he)(he)于濕式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)；旋風(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)處理風(feng)量有限，當風(feng)量較大時，可(ke)(ke)采用(yong)(yong)多臺(tai)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)并聯的(de)(de)方式(shi)；當需要(yao)同時除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)和(he)凈(jing)(jing)化有害(hai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)時，可(ke)(ke)考慮(lv)采用(yong)(yong)噴淋塔和(he)旋風(feng)水膜除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。< p=“”>

3.根(gen)據(ju)粉(fen)塵性(xing)質

粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)包括比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)、粒度(du)、真密度(du)、瓢(piao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)、憎(zeng)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)水(shui)硬性(xing)(xing)(xing)、可(ke)燃、爆炸等。比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過大或過小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不宜(yi)采用電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，袋(dai)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不受粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)；粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濃(nong)度(du)和(he)粒度(du)對電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)效率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)較(jiao)為顯著，但(dan)對袋(dai)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)不顯著；當氣體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃(nong)度(du)較(jiao)高時，電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前宜(yi)設置(zhi)預除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝置(zhi)；袋(dai)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)型式(shi)、清(qing)灰(hui)方式(shi)和(he)過濾風(feng)速(su)取決于(yu)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)（粒徑、瓢(piao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)）；濕式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不適合于(yu)凈(jing)(jing)化憎(zeng)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)水(shui)硬性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)：粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真密度(du)對重(zhong)力除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣性(xing)(xing)(xing)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)旋風(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)顯著；對于(yu)新(xin)附性(xing)(xing)(xing)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，易導致除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)作面貓(mao)結(jie)或堵(du)塞，因此(ci)，不宜(yi)采用干(gan)法除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)凈(jing)(jing)化遇水(shui)后，能產生可(ke)燃或有爆炸危險的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)合物時，不得采用濕式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。

4.根(gen)據(ju)壓力(li)損(sun)失與能耗

袋式除塵器的(de)阻(zu)力比電(dian)除塵器的(de)阻(zu)力大，但從除塵器整體能(neng)耗來對比，兩者能(neng)耗相(xiang)差(cha)不大。

5.根據設備(bei)投資和運行費用

6.節水與(yu)防(fang)凍(dong)的要求

水資源缺乏的(de)地區不適(shi)合(he)采用濕式除(chu)塵器；北(bei)方地區存在冬(dong)季凍結的(de)問題，盡可能不使用濕式除(chu)塵器。

7.粉(fen)塵和氣體(ti)回收利用的要求

粉(fen)塵(chen)具(ju)有(you)回(hui)收(shou)價(jia)(jia)值時(shi)，宜采用(yong)干法(fa)除(chu)塵(chen)；當(dang)粉(fen)塵(chen)具(ju)有(you)很高(gao)的回(hui)收(shou)價(jia)(jia)值時(shi)，宜采用(yong)袋(dai)式除(chu)塵(chen)器；當(dang)凈化(hua)后的氣體需(xu)要回(hui)收(shou)利用(yong)或凈化(hua)后的空氣需(xu)要再循環利用(yong)時(shi)，宜采用(yong)高(gao)效袋(dai)式除(chu)塵(chen)器。