除塵(chen)器的(de)工作好(hao)壞，不僅直(zhi)接影響到除塵(chen)系(xi)統的(de)可靠(kao)運(yun)行，還關系(xi)到生產(chan)系(xi)統的(de)正常(chang)運(yun)行、車間廠區和(he)周邊(bian)居民的(de)環(huan)境衛生、風(feng)機葉片的(de)磨損和(he)壽命，同時(shi)還涉及有經濟價值物料的(de)回收利用(yong)(yong)問題。因(yin)此，必須(xu)(xu)正確地(di)設計(ji)、選擇與使用(yong)(yong)除塵(chen)器。選擇除塵(chen)器時(shi)必須(xu)(xu)全面(mian)考慮一次投(tou)資和(he)運(yun)行費用(yong)(yong)，如除塵(chen)效率(lv)、壓力(li)損失、可靠(kao)性(xing)、一次投(tou)資、占地(di)面(mian)積(ji)、維修管(guan)理等因(yin)素，根據煙塵(chen)的(de)理化性(xing)質(zhi)、特點和(he)生產(chan)工藝(yi)的(de)要求，針對(dui)性(xing)地(di)選擇除塵(chen)器。

1.根據除(chu)塵效率的要(yao)求

所選(xuan)除塵器必(bi)須滿足(zu)排放標準的要求。

不同(tong)的除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器具有不同(tong)的除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)。對于運行(xing)(xing)狀況(kuang)不穩(wen)定或波動較大(da)的除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)系統，要注意煙氣處(chu)理量(liang)變化對除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)的影響。正常運行(xing)(xing)時，除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器的效(xiao)率(lv)高低排(pai)序是(shi)：袋式(shi)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器、電除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器及文(wen)丘里除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器、水膜(mo)旋(xuan)風除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器、旋(xuan)風除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器、慣性除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器、重力除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器

2.根據(ju)氣體(ti)性質

選擇除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)時(shi)，必須考(kao)慮氣(qi)(qi)體的風(feng)量(liang)(liang)、溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)、成分、濕(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)等因素。電除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)適(shi)合于(yu)大風(feng)量(liang)(liang)、溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)<400℃的煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)凈(jing)(jing)化；袋(dai)式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)適(shi)合于(yu)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)<260℃的煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)凈(jing)(jing)化，不(bu)受(shou)煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)大小的限(xian)(xian)制，當溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)≥260℃時(shi)，煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)應冷卻(que)降溫(wen)(wen)后(hou)方(fang)可(ke)(ke)使用(yong)袋(dai)式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)；袋(dai)式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)宜(yi)處理(li)高濕(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)和含油污的煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)凈(jing)(jing)化；易燃易爆的氣(qi)(qi)體凈(jing)(jing)化（如煤氣(qi)(qi)）適(shi)合于(yu)濕(shi)(shi)式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)；旋風(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的處理(li)風(feng)量(liang)(liang)有限(xian)(xian)，當風(feng)量(liang)(liang)較大時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)采(cai)用(yong)多(duo)臺除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)并聯(lian)的方(fang)式；當需(xu)要同(tong)時(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)和凈(jing)(jing)化有害氣(qi)(qi)體時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)考(kao)慮采(cai)用(yong)噴淋塔和旋風(feng)水膜(mo)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。< p=“”>

3.根據粉塵性(xing)質

粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質包括比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)、粒(li)度(du)、真密度(du)、瓢(piao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、憎水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)水(shui)硬(ying)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、可燃、爆炸等。比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)大或過(guo)小(xiao)的(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)宜(yi)采(cai)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，袋式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)不(bu)受粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)的(de)影(ying)響；粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)濃度(du)和(he)(he)(he)粒(li)度(du)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)效率的(de)影(ying)響較為顯著(zhu)，但對袋式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)的(de)影(ying)響不(bu)顯著(zhu)；當氣(qi)體(ti)的(de)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃度(du)較高時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)前宜(yi)設置預除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)置；袋式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)的(de)型式(shi)(shi)、清灰方式(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)過(guo)濾(lv)風(feng)(feng)速取(qu)決于(yu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質（粒(li)徑、瓢(piao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)）；濕(shi)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)不(bu)適合(he)于(yu)凈(jing)化憎水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)水(shui)硬(ying)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)：粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)真密度(du)對重(zhong)力除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)、慣性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)和(he)(he)(he)旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)的(de)影(ying)響顯著(zhu)；對于(yu)新附性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)大的(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，易導致除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)工作面貓結或堵塞，因此，不(bu)宜(yi)采(cai)用干法(fa)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)凈(jing)化遇水(shui)后(hou)，能產生可燃或有爆炸危險(xian)的(de)混合(he)物時，不(bu)得采(cai)用濕(shi)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)。

4.根(gen)據壓(ya)力損失與能耗

袋(dai)式除塵器(qi)的(de)阻(zu)力(li)比(bi)電除塵器(qi)的(de)阻(zu)力(li)大，但從除塵器(qi)整體能耗來對比(bi)，兩(liang)者能耗相(xiang)差不大。

5.根據設(she)備投資(zi)和運行費用

6.節水與防凍的要(yao)求

水資源(yuan)缺乏的地區不(bu)適合采用濕式(shi)除(chu)塵器(qi)；北(bei)方地區存在冬季凍結的問題，盡(jin)可能不(bu)使用濕式(shi)除(chu)塵器(qi)。

7.粉塵和氣體回(hui)收利用的要求(qiu)

粉(fen)塵具有(you)回(hui)收價(jia)值時(shi)，宜采用(yong)干(gan)法除塵；當粉(fen)塵具有(you)很高的回(hui)收價(jia)值時(shi)，宜采用(yong)袋式除塵器；當凈化(hua)后的氣體需(xu)要(yao)回(hui)收利用(yong)或凈化(hua)后的空氣需(xu)要(yao)再循環利用(yong)時(shi)，宜采用(yong)高效袋式除塵器。