旋(xuan)風除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)是除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)裝置的(de)(de)一類(lei)。除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)機理是使(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)(qi)流作(zuo)旋(xuan)轉運動，借(jie)助(zhu)于(yu)(yu)離心力將塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)從氣(qi)(qi)流中分離并捕(bu)集于(yu)(yu)器(qi)(qi)壁(bi)，再(zai)借(jie)助(zhu)重力作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)使(shi)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)落(luo)入灰(hui)斗。旋(xuan)風除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)各個(ge)部件(jian)都有(you)一定(ding)的(de)(de)尺寸比例(li)，每一個(ge)比例(li)關系的(de)(de)變(bian)動，都能(neng)影(ying)響旋(xuan)風除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)效率(lv)(lv)和壓力損(sun)失，其中除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)直徑(jing)、進氣(qi)(qi)口(kou)尺寸、排(pai)氣(qi)(qi)管直徑(jing)為(wei)主要影(ying)響因素(su)。在使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時(shi)應注意(yi)，當超過某一界限時(shi)，有(you)利因素(su)也能(neng)轉化為(wei)不利因素(su)。另外，有(you)的(de)(de)因素(su)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)提高除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率(lv)(lv)有(you)利，但卻(que)會增加壓力損(sun)失，因而(er)對(dui)各因素(su)的(de)(de)調整(zheng)必須兼顧。、

旋風除塵器(qi)于1885年開始使用，已發展成(cheng)為多種(zhong)形式(shi)。按氣(qi)流進(jin)入方(fang)式(shi)，可分(fen)為切向進(jin)入式(shi)和軸向進(jin)入式(shi)兩(liang)類。在相同壓力損失下(xia)，后(hou)者(zhe)能處理的(de)(de)氣(qi)體約為前(qian)者(zhe)的(de)(de)3倍，且氣(qi)流分(fen)布均勻。

旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器是由進(jin)氣(qi)(qi)管、排氣(qi)(qi)管、圓筒體(ti)、圓錐體(ti)和(he)灰斗組(zu)成(cheng)。旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器結構簡單，易于制造、安裝和(he)維(wei)護管理(li)，設備投資(zi)和(he)操作(zuo)費用(yong)(yong)都較(jiao)(jiao)低(di)，已廣泛(fan)用(yong)(yong)于從氣(qi)(qi)流中分離固體(ti)和(he)液(ye)體(ti)粒子(zi)(zi)，或從液(ye)體(ti)中分離固體(ti)粒子(zi)(zi)。在(zai)普通(tong)操作(zuo)條(tiao)(tiao)件下，作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)于粒子(zi)(zi)上(shang)的離心力是重力的5～2500倍，所以旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器的效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)顯(xian)著高(gao)(gao)于重力沉降室。利(li)用(yong)(yong)這一個原理(li)基礎成(cheng)功研究(jiu)出了一款除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)為百分之九十以上(shang)的旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝置。在(zai)機械(xie)式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器中，旋風(feng)(feng)式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器是效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的一種(zhong)。它適用(yong)(yong)于非(fei)黏性及(ji)非(fei)纖維(wei)性粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)，大多(duo)用(yong)(yong)來(lai)去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)5μm以上(shang)的粒子(zi)(zi)，并聯(lian)的多(duo)管旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器裝置對3μm的粒子(zi)(zi)也具有80～85%的除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)。選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)耐高(gao)(gao)溫、耐磨蝕(shi)和(he)腐蝕(shi)的特(te)種(zhong)金屬或陶瓷材料(liao)構造的旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器，可在(zai)溫度高(gao)(gao)達1000℃，壓力達500×105Pa的條(tiao)(tiao)件下操作(zuo)。從技(ji)術、經濟諸方面考慮旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器壓力損失(shi)控制范圍一般(ban)為500～2000Pa。因此，它屬于中效(xiao)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器，且(qie)可用(yong)(yong)于高(gao)(gao)溫煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)的凈化(hua)，是應用(yong)(yong)廣泛(fan)的一種(zhong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器，多(duo)應用(yong)(yong)于鍋爐煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)、多(duo)級除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)及(ji)預除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。它的主要缺點是對細小塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒（<5μm）的去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)較(jiao)(jiao)低(di)。