除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器的工(gong)作好壞(huai)，不僅直接影響到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)系統的可靠運(yun)行(xing)(xing)，還關系到生產(chan)系統的正常運(yun)行(xing)(xing)、車間(jian)廠(chang)區和(he)周邊(bian)居民的環境(jing)衛(wei)生、風機葉片的磨損和(he)壽(shou)命(ming)，同時還涉及有(you)經濟價值(zhi)物料的回收利(li)用問(wen)題(ti)。因此，必(bi)須正確地(di)(di)設計(ji)、選擇(ze)與使用除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器。選擇(ze)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器時必(bi)須全(quan)面(mian)考慮一(yi)次投資和(he)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)費(fei)用，如除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率、壓力損失、可靠性、一(yi)次投資、占地(di)(di)面(mian)積、維修管理等(deng)因素，根據(ju)煙(yan)塵(chen)(chen)的理化性質、特點和(he)生產(chan)工(gong)藝的要求(qiu)，針對性地(di)(di)選擇(ze)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器。

1.根據除塵效率的要求

所選除塵器必須滿足排放(fang)標準的要求。

不同(tong)的除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)具有不同(tong)的除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)(xiao)率。對(dui)于運(yun)行狀況不穩定(ding)或波動較大的除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)系統，要注意(yi)煙(yan)氣(qi)處理量(liang)變化對(dui)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)(xiao)率的影響。正常運(yun)行時(shi)，除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的效(xiao)(xiao)率高低排序是：袋式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、電除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)及(ji)文丘里除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、水膜旋風除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、旋風除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣性除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、重力除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)

2.根(gen)據(ju)氣體(ti)性質

選擇除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)時，必須考慮(lv)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體的(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)、溫度、成(cheng)分、濕度等因素。電除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)適合于大(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)、溫度<400℃的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)凈化(hua)(hua)；袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)適合于溫度<260℃的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)凈化(hua)(hua)，不(bu)受煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)小的(de)限制，當(dang)溫度≥260℃時，煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)應冷卻降溫后方可使(shi)用(yong)袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)；袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)不(bu)宜處(chu)理高濕度和含油污(wu)的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)凈化(hua)(hua)；易燃易爆的(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體凈化(hua)(hua)（如煤氣(qi)(qi)(qi)）適合于濕式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)；旋風(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)處(chu)理風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)有限，當(dang)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)較大(da)時，可采(cai)(cai)用(yong)多臺除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)并聯的(de)方式(shi)；當(dang)需要同(tong)時除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)和凈化(hua)(hua)有害氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體時，可考慮(lv)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)噴淋(lin)塔和旋風(feng)(feng)(feng)水膜除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)。< p=“”>

3.根(gen)據粉(fen)塵性質(zhi)

粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)質(zhi)包(bao)括比(bi)電阻、粒度(du)(du)、真密度(du)(du)、瓢(piao)性(xing)、憎水(shui)性(xing)和(he)水(shui)硬(ying)性(xing)、可(ke)燃、爆炸等。比(bi)電阻過大或過小的(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)宜(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)電除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)受(shou)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)比(bi)電阻的(de)影響；粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)濃度(du)(du)和(he)粒度(du)(du)對電除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)效率的(de)影響較(jiao)為顯著(zhu)(zhu)，但對袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)影響不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)顯著(zhu)(zhu)；當氣體的(de)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃度(du)(du)較(jiao)高時，電除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)前宜(yi)設置預除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)置；袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)型式(shi)、清灰方式(shi)和(he)過濾風速取決于粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)性(xing)質(zhi)（粒徑、瓢(piao)性(xing)）；濕式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)適合于凈化(hua)憎水(shui)性(xing)和(he)水(shui)硬(ying)性(xing)的(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)：粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)真密度(du)(du)對重力(li)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)、慣性(xing)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)和(he)旋(xuan)風除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)影響顯著(zhu)(zhu)；對于新附性(xing)大的(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，易導致除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)工作面貓(mao)結或堵塞，因此(ci)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)宜(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)干(gan)法除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)凈化(hua)遇水(shui)后，能產生可(ke)燃或有爆炸危險的(de)混合物(wu)時，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得采(cai)(cai)用(yong)濕式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)。

4.根據(ju)壓力損失(shi)與能耗

袋式除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器的(de)(de)阻(zu)力(li)比電(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器的(de)(de)阻(zu)力(li)大，但(dan)從(cong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器整體(ti)能耗來對比，兩(liang)者(zhe)能耗相差不大。

5.根據設備投資和(he)運行費用

6.節水與防凍(dong)的要(yao)求(qiu)

水資源缺(que)乏的地(di)(di)區不(bu)適合采用(yong)濕(shi)式除塵器(qi)；北方(fang)地(di)(di)區存在冬季凍結的問題，盡可能(neng)不(bu)使用(yong)濕(shi)式除塵器(qi)。

7.粉塵和氣體(ti)回收利用的要求

粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)具(ju)(ju)有回(hui)(hui)收(shou)價值時，宜(yi)采(cai)用(yong)干法除塵(chen)(chen)；當(dang)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)具(ju)(ju)有很高的(de)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)價值時，宜(yi)采(cai)用(yong)袋式除塵(chen)(chen)器；當(dang)凈化(hua)后(hou)的(de)氣體需要(yao)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)利用(yong)或凈化(hua)后(hou)的(de)空氣需要(yao)再循環利用(yong)時，宜(yi)采(cai)用(yong)高效袋式除塵(chen)(chen)器。