濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)以濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)作(zuo)為過濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)元件所組成(cheng)或采用脈沖噴吹的除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)。 濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)按安(an)裝(zhuang)方式分(fen),可以分(fen)為斜插式,側裝(zhuang)式,吊(diao)裝(zhuang)式,上裝(zhuang)式。 濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)按濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材料分(fen),可以分(fen)為長纖維(wei)聚酯濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi),復合纖維(wei)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi),防靜電濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi),阻燃濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi),覆膜濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi),納米濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)等(deng)。
濾(lv)(lv)筒式除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)早在(zai)20世紀70年代就(jiu)已經在(zai)日本和(he)歐美一些國家(jia)出現(xian),具有(you)(you)(you)體積(ji)小(xiao),效(xiao)率高,投資省(sheng),易維(wei)護等優點,但因其設備容(rong)量(liang)小(xiao),難組(zu)合成(cheng)(cheng)大(da)風(feng)量(liang)設備,過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)風(feng)速(su)偏(pian)低(di),應(ying)用(yong)范圍窄,僅在(zai)糧食、焊(han)接等行業應(ying)用(yong),所(suo)以多年來(lai)(lai)未能大(da)量(liang)推廣(guang)。近年來(lai)(lai),隨(sui)著新(xin)技術、新(xin)材料不斷(duan)地發展(zhan)(zhan),以日本,美國的(de)公司為(wei)代表,對除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)的(de)結構和(he)濾(lv)(lv)料進行了改進,使得濾(lv)(lv)筒除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)廣(guang)泛地應(ying)用(yong)于水泥(ni)、鋼鐵、電(dian)力、食品、冶(ye)金、化工等工業領域,整體容(rong)量(liang)增加數倍,成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)面(mian)積(ji)>2000m2大(da)型除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(GB6719-86類),是解決傳統除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)對超細粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)收(shou)集難、過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)風(feng)速(su)高、清(qing)灰效(xiao)果(guo)差、濾(lv)(lv)袋(dai)(dai)易磨(mo)損破漏、運行成(cheng)(cheng)本高的(de)上(shang)好方案(an),和(he)市場上(shang)現(xian)有(you)(you)(you)各種袋(dai)(dai)式、靜電(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)相比具有(you)(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)面(mian)積(ji)大(da)、壓(ya)差低(di)、低(di)排放、體積(ji)小(xiao)、使用(yong)壽命(ming)長等特點,成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)工業除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)新(xin)方向。
濾筒式除塵(chen)(chen)器的(de)結構是由進風管、排風管、箱體(ti)、灰斗、清灰裝(zhuang)置(zhi)、導流(liu)(liu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)、氣(qi)流(liu)(liu)分流(liu)(liu)分布(bu)板(ban)、濾筒及電控裝(zhuang)置(zhi)組成,類(lei)似(si)氣(qi)箱脈沖袋除塵(chen)(chen)結構。
濾筒在(zai)除塵器(qi)中的布置(zhi)(zhi)很(hen)重(zhong)要,既可以垂直布置(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)箱體花板上(shang),也可以傾斜布置(zhi)(zhi) 在(zai)花板上(shang),從清灰效(xiao)果看,垂直布置(zhi)(zhi)較為合理。花板下(xia)部為過濾室,上(shang)部為氣箱脈沖(chong)室。在(zai)除塵器(qi)入口處裝有氣流分布板。
含塵氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)進(jin)入(ru)除塵器(qi)灰斗后,由于氣(qi)流(liu)斷面突然(ran)擴(kuo)大及氣(qi)流(liu)分布板作用,氣(qi)流(liu)中一(yi)部分粗大顆粒(li)在(zai)動和慣(guan)性力作用下(xia)沉(chen)降(jiang)在(zai)灰斗;粒(li)度(du)細、密(mi)度(du)小的(de)塵粒(li)進(jin)入(ru)濾(lv)塵室后,通(tong)過布朗(lang)擴(kuo)散(san)和篩濾(lv)等組(zu)合效(xiao)應,使粉塵沉(chen)積(ji)在(zai)濾(lv)料(liao)表面上,凈化后的(de)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)進(jin)入(ru)凈氣(qi)室由排(pai)氣(qi)管(guan)經風機排(pai)出。
濾(lv)(lv)筒式除塵器的阻(zu)力隨濾(lv)(lv)料表(biao)面(mian)粉塵層厚度的增加而增大。阻(zu)力達到某一規定值(zhi)時(shi)(shi)進(jin)行清灰(hui)。此時(shi)(shi)PLC程序(xu)控(kong)制脈沖(chong)閥(fa)(fa)的啟閉,首先(xian)一分(fen)室提(ti)升(sheng)閥(fa)(fa)關閉,將過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)氣(qi)流截斷,然后電磁脈沖(chong)閥(fa)(fa)開啟,壓縮空(kong)氣(qi)以及短(duan)的時(shi)(shi)間(jian)在上(shang)箱體內迅速膨(peng)(peng)脹,涌入(ru)濾(lv)(lv)筒,使(shi)濾(lv)(lv)筒膨(peng)(peng)脹變形產生振動,并在逆(ni)向氣(qi)流沖(chong)刷的作用下,附著在濾(lv)(lv)袋(dai)外(wai)表(biao)面(mian)上(shang)的粉塵被剝離落入(ru)灰(hui)斗(dou)中。清灰(hui)完(wan)畢后,電磁脈沖(chong)閥(fa)(fa)關閉,提(ti)升(sheng)閥(fa)(fa)打開,該室又恢復過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)狀態。清灰(hui)各室依次(ci)進(jin)行,從一室清灰(hui)開始至下一次(ci)清灰(hui)開始為(wei)一個清灰(hui)周期。脫落的粉塵掉入(ru)灰(hui)斗(dou)內通(tong)過(guo)缷(xie)灰(hui)閥(fa)(fa)排出。
在此過(guo)程中必須定期對(dui)濾筒進行更(geng)換和清洗,以(yi)確(que)保過(guo)濾效果(guo)和精度,因為在過(guo)濾過(guo)程中粉(fen)塵(chen)除了被阻隔外還有部(bu)分會沉積于(yu)濾料表面,增大阻力,所以(yi)一般的正確(que)更(geng)換時間是三至五個月!