除(chu)塵器(qi)的(de)工作(zuo)好(hao)壞，不僅直接影響到(dao)(dao)除(chu)塵系(xi)(xi)統的(de)可靠運(yun)行(xing)，還關系(xi)(xi)到(dao)(dao)生產(chan)(chan)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)正(zheng)常運(yun)行(xing)、車間廠區和周(zhou)邊居民的(de)環境衛生、風機葉片的(de)磨(mo)損(sun)和壽命(ming)，同時還涉及有經濟(ji)價(jia)值物料的(de)回(hui)收利用問(wen)題(ti)。因此(ci)，必須(xu)正(zheng)確地設計(ji)、選擇與(yu)使用除(chu)塵器(qi)。選擇除(chu)塵器(qi)時必須(xu)全面考慮一(yi)次投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)和運(yun)行(xing)費(fei)用，如(ru)除(chu)塵效率、壓力(li)損(sun)失(shi)、可靠性(xing)、一(yi)次投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)、占地面積、維(wei)修管理(li)(li)等因素，根據(ju)煙(yan)塵的(de)理(li)(li)化性(xing)質、特點(dian)和生產(chan)(chan)工藝的(de)要求，針對性(xing)地選擇除(chu)塵器(qi)。

1.根據除塵效率的(de)要求

所選除塵器必須滿足排放標準的要求。

不(bu)同的除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)具有不(bu)同的除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率(lv)(lv)。對于運(yun)行狀況不(bu)穩定或波動較大的除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)系統，要注(zhu)意煙氣(qi)處理量變化對除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率(lv)(lv)的影響。正常運(yun)行時，除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的效率(lv)(lv)高低排(pai)序是：袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、電除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)及文(wen)丘(qiu)里除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、水(shui)膜旋(xuan)風(feng)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、旋(xuan)風(feng)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣性除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、重(zhong)力(li)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)

2.根據氣體性質

選擇(ze)除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)時(shi)，必須考慮(lv)氣(qi)體的風(feng)量(liang)(liang)、溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)、成分、濕(shi)度(du)等(deng)因(yin)素。電除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)適合于大風(feng)量(liang)(liang)、溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)<400℃的煙氣(qi)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)；袋(dai)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)適合于溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)<260℃的煙氣(qi)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)，不(bu)(bu)受煙氣(qi)量(liang)(liang)大小的限制，當溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)≥260℃時(shi)，煙氣(qi)應冷卻(que)降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)后方可使用(yong)(yong)袋(dai)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)；袋(dai)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)宜處理高濕(shi)度(du)和含油污的煙氣(qi)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)；易燃(ran)易爆的氣(qi)體凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)（如煤氣(qi)）適合于濕(shi)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)；旋風(feng)除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)的處理風(feng)量(liang)(liang)有限，當風(feng)量(liang)(liang)較大時(shi)，可采用(yong)(yong)多臺除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)并(bing)聯的方式(shi)(shi)；當需要(yao)同(tong)時(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵和凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)有害氣(qi)體時(shi)，可考慮(lv)采用(yong)(yong)噴淋塔和旋風(feng)水(shui)膜除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)。< p=“”>

3.根據(ju)粉塵性質

粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)(xing)質包括比電(dian)(dian)阻、粒(li)度(du)(du)、真密度(du)(du)、瓢性(xing)(xing)、憎(zeng)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)和(he)水(shui)(shui)硬性(xing)(xing)、可燃(ran)、爆(bao)炸等。比電(dian)(dian)阻過(guo)大或過(guo)小的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)(bu)宜(yi)(yi)采用電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，袋式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)受(shou)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)比電(dian)(dian)阻的(de)(de)影(ying)響；粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)濃(nong)度(du)(du)和(he)粒(li)度(du)(du)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)效率的(de)(de)影(ying)響較為(wei)顯著，但對(dui)袋式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)影(ying)響不(bu)(bu)顯著；當氣體的(de)(de)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃(nong)度(du)(du)較高時，電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前宜(yi)(yi)設置預除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝置；袋式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)型(xing)式(shi)、清灰方式(shi)和(he)過(guo)濾(lv)風(feng)速取決于粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)質（粒(li)徑、瓢性(xing)(xing)）；濕(shi)式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)適合(he)于凈化憎(zeng)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)和(he)水(shui)(shui)硬性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)：粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)真密度(du)(du)對(dui)重力(li)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣性(xing)(xing)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)旋風(feng)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)影(ying)響顯著；對(dui)于新附性(xing)(xing)大的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，易導(dao)致除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工作面貓結或堵(du)塞(sai)，因此，不(bu)(bu)宜(yi)(yi)采用干法(fa)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)凈化遇水(shui)(shui)后(hou)，能產生可燃(ran)或有(you)爆(bao)炸危險(xian)的(de)(de)混合(he)物時，不(bu)(bu)得采用濕(shi)式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。

4.根據壓力(li)損失與能耗

袋式(shi)除塵(chen)器(qi)的阻力比電(dian)除塵(chen)器(qi)的阻力大，但從除塵(chen)器(qi)整體能(neng)耗(hao)來對比，兩者能(neng)耗(hao)相差(cha)不大。

5.根據設備投資和運行費(fei)用

6.節水(shui)與防凍的要求

水資源缺乏(fa)的(de)(de)地區不適合(he)采用濕式(shi)除塵器；北(bei)方地區存在冬季凍結的(de)(de)問題，盡可能不使用濕式(shi)除塵器。

7.粉塵(chen)和氣體回(hui)收(shou)利(li)用的要(yao)求(qiu)

粉塵具有回(hui)收(shou)價(jia)值時(shi)，宜(yi)采(cai)用(yong)干法除(chu)(chu)塵；當(dang)粉塵具有很(hen)高的(de)(de)回(hui)收(shou)價(jia)值時(shi)，宜(yi)采(cai)用(yong)袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵器；當(dang)凈化(hua)后的(de)(de)氣體(ti)需要回(hui)收(shou)利用(yong)或凈化(hua)后的(de)(de)空氣需要再循(xun)環利用(yong)時(shi)，宜(yi)采(cai)用(yong)高效袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵器。