除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)的工作好壞，不(bu)僅直接(jie)影響到除(chu)(chu)塵系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的可靠運行，還(huan)關系(xi)到生產系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的正常運行、車間廠(chang)區和周邊居(ju)民的環(huan)境衛生、風機葉片的磨損(sun)和壽(shou)命，同(tong)時還(huan)涉及有經濟價值(zhi)物(wu)料的回(hui)收利用(yong)問題。因此，必(bi)須(xu)正確地(di)設計、選擇與使用(yong)除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)。選擇除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)時必(bi)須(xu)全面(mian)(mian)考慮一(yi)次投資和運行費用(yong)，如除(chu)(chu)塵效率、壓力損(sun)失、可靠性、一(yi)次投資、占(zhan)地(di)面(mian)(mian)積、維(wei)修管理等因素，根據煙塵的理化(hua)性質、特點和生產工藝的要求，針對性地(di)選擇除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)。

1.根據除塵效率的要求

所選(xuan)除(chu)塵器必(bi)須滿(man)足排放標(biao)準的要求。

不(bu)同的除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)具有不(bu)同的除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)效率(lv)。對(dui)于運(yun)行狀況不(bu)穩(wen)定或波動較大的除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)系統，要注意煙氣處(chu)理量變化對(dui)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)效率(lv)的影響。正常運(yun)行時，除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)的效率(lv)高低排序是：袋式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)、電除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)及文丘(qiu)里除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)、水膜旋風(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)、旋風(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)、慣(guan)性除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)、重力除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)

2.根據氣體性(xing)質(zhi)

選擇除塵器(qi)時，必(bi)須(xu)考慮(lv)氣(qi)(qi)體的(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、溫度(du)(du)、成(cheng)分、濕(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)等因(yin)素。電除塵器(qi)適合于大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、溫度(du)(du)<400℃的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)凈化(hua)；袋(dai)(dai)式(shi)除塵器(qi)適合于溫度(du)(du)<260℃的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)凈化(hua)，不(bu)受(shou)煙氣(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)小的(de)限制，當溫度(du)(du)≥260℃時，煙氣(qi)(qi)應冷卻降溫后方可使用袋(dai)(dai)式(shi)除塵器(qi)；袋(dai)(dai)式(shi)除塵器(qi)不(bu)宜處(chu)理高濕(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)和含油污的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)凈化(hua)；易燃易爆的(de)氣(qi)(qi)體凈化(hua)（如煤氣(qi)(qi)）適合于濕(shi)(shi)式(shi)除塵器(qi)；旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)除塵器(qi)的(de)處(chu)理風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)有限，當風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)較大(da)(da)時，可采用多臺除塵器(qi)并聯的(de)方式(shi)；當需要同時除塵和凈化(hua)有害氣(qi)(qi)體時，可考慮(lv)采用噴淋塔(ta)和旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)水膜除塵器(qi)。< p=“”>

3.根(gen)據粉(fen)塵性質

粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質包括比(bi)電(dian)阻、粒(li)度(du)、真密度(du)、瓢性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、憎水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)水(shui)(shui)硬(ying)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、可燃(ran)、爆炸等。比(bi)電(dian)阻過(guo)大或過(guo)小的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)宜采用電(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，袋(dai)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)受粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)比(bi)電(dian)阻的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)；粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)濃度(du)和(he)粒(li)度(du)對電(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)效(xiao)率的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)較為顯(xian)著(zhu)，但(dan)對袋(dai)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)顯(xian)著(zhu)；當氣體的(de)(de)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃度(du)較高(gao)時(shi)，電(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)前宜設置(zhi)預(yu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝置(zhi)；袋(dai)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)型(xing)式(shi)、清灰(hui)方式(shi)和(he)過(guo)濾風(feng)速取決于(yu)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質（粒(li)徑(jing)、瓢性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)）；濕(shi)(shi)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)適合(he)于(yu)凈(jing)化憎水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)水(shui)(shui)硬(ying)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)：粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)真密度(du)對重力除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)旋(xuan)風(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)顯(xian)著(zhu)；對于(yu)新附性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)大的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，易導(dao)致(zhi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)工作面(mian)貓(mao)結或堵塞，因此，不(bu)(bu)(bu)宜采用干法除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)凈(jing)化遇(yu)水(shui)(shui)后，能產生可燃(ran)或有爆炸危險的(de)(de)混合(he)物時(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)得采用濕(shi)(shi)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。

4.根據壓力損(sun)失與能(neng)耗

袋式(shi)除塵(chen)器(qi)的阻(zu)力(li)(li)比電除塵(chen)器(qi)的阻(zu)力(li)(li)大，但從除塵(chen)器(qi)整體能耗來對(dui)比，兩者能耗相(xiang)差不大。

5.根據(ju)設(she)備投資(zi)和運行費用

6.節(jie)水與防凍(dong)的要求

水資源缺乏(fa)的地區不適合采(cai)用濕式除(chu)塵(chen)器；北方地區存在冬(dong)季(ji)凍結的問題(ti)，盡可能不使(shi)用濕式除(chu)塵(chen)器。

7.粉塵和(he)氣體回收利用的要(yao)求

粉塵(chen)(chen)具有回收價值(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)，宜(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)干法除塵(chen)(chen)；當(dang)(dang)粉塵(chen)(chen)具有很(hen)高的(de)回收價值(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)，宜(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)袋式除塵(chen)(chen)器；當(dang)(dang)凈(jing)化后(hou)的(de)氣(qi)體需要(yao)回收利用(yong)(yong)(yong)或凈(jing)化后(hou)的(de)空氣(qi)需要(yao)再循(xun)環利用(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)，宜(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)高效袋式除塵(chen)(chen)器。