除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作好(hao)壞(huai)，不僅直接影響到(dao)(dao)除(chu)(chu)塵系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)靠(kao)運行(xing)(xing)，還(huan)(huan)關系到(dao)(dao)生(sheng)產系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)正常運行(xing)(xing)、車間廠區(qu)和周邊(bian)居民的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境衛(wei)生(sheng)、風機葉片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)損和壽命，同時(shi)還(huan)(huan)涉及(ji)有經濟(ji)價(jia)值物料的(de)(de)(de)(de)回收利用(yong)問題。因(yin)此，必須(xu)正確地(di)設(she)計(ji)、選(xuan)(xuan)擇與(yu)使用(yong)除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)。選(xuan)(xuan)擇除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)時(shi)必須(xu)全面(mian)考慮一(yi)(yi)次投資和運行(xing)(xing)費用(yong)，如除(chu)(chu)塵效率(lv)、壓力損失、可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)、一(yi)(yi)次投資、占(zhan)地(di)面(mian)積、維修(xiu)管理等因(yin)素(su)，根(gen)據煙塵的(de)(de)(de)(de)理化性(xing)質(zhi)、特點和生(sheng)產工藝的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求，針對性(xing)地(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)。

1.根據除塵效率(lv)的(de)要求

所選(xuan)除(chu)塵器必須滿足排放標準的要求。

不(bu)(bu)(bu)同的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)具有不(bu)(bu)(bu)同的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵效率。對于運行狀況不(bu)(bu)(bu)穩(wen)定或波動(dong)較大的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵系統，要注意煙氣處理量變化對除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵效率的(de)影(ying)響。正常運行時，除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)的(de)效率高低排序是(shi)：袋式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)、電除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)及文丘(qiu)里除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)、水膜旋(xuan)風除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)、旋(xuan)風除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)、慣性除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)、重(zhong)力除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)

2.根據氣體性質(zhi)

選擇(ze)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)時，必須考(kao)慮(lv)氣(qi)(qi)體的(de)風(feng)(feng)量、溫(wen)度(du)、成分(fen)、濕(shi)度(du)等(deng)因素(su)。電(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)適合于(yu)大風(feng)(feng)量、溫(wen)度(du)<400℃的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)凈(jing)化；袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)適合于(yu)溫(wen)度(du)<260℃的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)凈(jing)化，不受(shou)煙氣(qi)(qi)量大小的(de)限制，當(dang)溫(wen)度(du)≥260℃時，煙氣(qi)(qi)應冷卻降溫(wen)后方可(ke)(ke)使(shi)用袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)；袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)不宜處理高濕(shi)度(du)和(he)(he)含油污的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)凈(jing)化；易(yi)(yi)燃(ran)易(yi)(yi)爆的(de)氣(qi)(qi)體凈(jing)化（如煤氣(qi)(qi)）適合于(yu)濕(shi)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)；旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)處理風(feng)(feng)量有限，當(dang)風(feng)(feng)量較大時，可(ke)(ke)采用多(duo)臺除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)并(bing)聯的(de)方式(shi)；當(dang)需要同(tong)時除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)和(he)(he)凈(jing)化有害氣(qi)(qi)體時，可(ke)(ke)考(kao)慮(lv)采用噴淋塔和(he)(he)旋風(feng)(feng)水膜除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)。< p=“”>

3.根據粉塵(chen)性質

粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)(xing)質包括(kuo)比(bi)(bi)電(dian)(dian)阻、粒(li)度(du)(du)、真密度(du)(du)、瓢(piao)性(xing)(xing)、憎水(shui)性(xing)(xing)和(he)水(shui)硬(ying)性(xing)(xing)、可燃(ran)、爆(bao)炸等。比(bi)(bi)電(dian)(dian)阻過大(da)或(huo)過小的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)(bu)宜(yi)(yi)采用電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，袋(dai)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)受粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)比(bi)(bi)電(dian)(dian)阻的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)；粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)濃度(du)(du)和(he)粒(li)度(du)(du)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)效(xiao)率的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)較為(wei)顯著，但對(dui)袋(dai)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)不(bu)(bu)顯著；當氣(qi)體的(de)(de)(de)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃度(du)(du)較高(gao)時(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)前宜(yi)(yi)設置預(yu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝置；袋(dai)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)型(xing)式(shi)(shi)、清灰(hui)方式(shi)(shi)和(he)過濾風速取決于(yu)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)質（粒(li)徑、瓢(piao)性(xing)(xing)）；濕(shi)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)適合于(yu)凈(jing)化憎水(shui)性(xing)(xing)和(he)水(shui)硬(ying)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)：粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)真密度(du)(du)對(dui)重力除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣(guan)性(xing)(xing)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)旋(xuan)風除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)顯著；對(dui)于(yu)新附性(xing)(xing)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，易導致除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)工作(zuo)面貓結或(huo)堵塞(sai)，因(yin)此，不(bu)(bu)宜(yi)(yi)采用干法除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)凈(jing)化遇水(shui)后，能(neng)產生可燃(ran)或(huo)有爆(bao)炸危險的(de)(de)(de)混合物時(shi)(shi)，不(bu)(bu)得采用濕(shi)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。

4.根據壓力損失與能耗(hao)

袋式除塵器(qi)(qi)的阻力比(bi)電(dian)除塵器(qi)(qi)的阻力大，但從除塵器(qi)(qi)整體能(neng)耗來對比(bi)，兩者能(neng)耗相差不大。

5.根據設備投(tou)資和(he)運行費用

6.節(jie)水與防凍的要求

水(shui)資源缺乏的地(di)區不(bu)適合采用(yong)(yong)濕(shi)(shi)式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)器；北方地(di)區存在(zai)冬(dong)季凍(dong)結的問題，盡可能不(bu)使用(yong)(yong)濕(shi)(shi)式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)器。

7.粉塵和氣(qi)體回收利用的要求

粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)具有回(hui)收(shou)(shou)價(jia)值時，宜采(cai)用(yong)干(gan)法(fa)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)；當粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)具有很高的回(hui)收(shou)(shou)價(jia)值時，宜采(cai)用(yong)袋式除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器；當凈化后的氣體需要回(hui)收(shou)(shou)利用(yong)或凈化后的空氣需要再循環利用(yong)時，宜采(cai)用(yong)高效袋式除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器。