除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)好壞，不僅直接影響到除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)系統(tong)的(de)可(ke)(ke)靠運行，還關系到生(sheng)產系統(tong)的(de)正常運行、車間廠(chang)區和(he)周邊居民的(de)環(huan)境衛生(sheng)、風機(ji)葉片(pian)的(de)磨損和(he)壽命，同時還涉及有經濟價值物料的(de)回(hui)收利用問題。因此，必須正確地設(she)計、選(xuan)(xuan)擇與使用除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)。選(xuan)(xuan)擇除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)時必須全(quan)面(mian)考(kao)慮一次(ci)投資和(he)運行費用，如除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率、壓(ya)力損失、可(ke)(ke)靠性(xing)、一次(ci)投資、占(zhan)地面(mian)積、維修管理等因素，根據煙塵(chen)(chen)的(de)理化性(xing)質(zhi)、特點(dian)和(he)生(sheng)產工(gong)藝的(de)要求(qiu)，針(zhen)對性(xing)地選(xuan)(xuan)擇除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)。

1.根據除塵效率(lv)的要求(qiu)

所選(xuan)除(chu)塵器必須滿足排(pai)放標準的要(yao)求。

不(bu)(bu)同的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)具有不(bu)(bu)同的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵效(xiao)率(lv)。對于運(yun)行狀況不(bu)(bu)穩定或波動(dong)較(jiao)大的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵系統，要(yao)注意(yi)煙氣處理(li)量變化對除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵效(xiao)率(lv)的(de)影響。正常(chang)運(yun)行時(shi)，除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)的(de)效(xiao)率(lv)高低(di)排(pai)序是：袋式除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)、電除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)及(ji)文丘(qiu)里除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)、水膜旋風(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)、旋風(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)、慣性除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)、重力(li)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)

2.根據氣體(ti)性(xing)質

選擇除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)時，必(bi)須考慮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體的(de)風(feng)量、溫度(du)(du)、成分(fen)、濕度(du)(du)等(deng)因(yin)素。電除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)適合(he)于(yu)大(da)風(feng)量、溫度(du)(du)<400℃的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)凈化(hua)；袋(dai)(dai)(dai)式除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)適合(he)于(yu)溫度(du)(du)<260℃的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)凈化(hua)，不受煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)量大(da)小(xiao)的(de)限(xian)制，當溫度(du)(du)≥260℃時，煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)應冷(leng)卻降溫后方可使用(yong)(yong)(yong)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)式除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)；袋(dai)(dai)(dai)式除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)不宜處(chu)理(li)高(gao)濕度(du)(du)和含油污的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)凈化(hua)；易燃易爆的(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體凈化(hua)（如煤氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)）適合(he)于(yu)濕式除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)；旋風(feng)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)處(chu)理(li)風(feng)量有(you)限(xian)，當風(feng)量較大(da)時，可采用(yong)(yong)(yong)多(duo)臺除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)并聯(lian)的(de)方式；當需要同時除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)和凈化(hua)有(you)害氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體時，可考慮采用(yong)(yong)(yong)噴淋塔和旋風(feng)水膜除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)。< p=“”>

3.根據粉塵性質

粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)(xing)質包括比(bi)電(dian)阻、粒(li)度(du)、真密度(du)、瓢(piao)性(xing)(xing)、憎水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)硬(ying)(ying)性(xing)(xing)、可燃(ran)、爆炸等(deng)。比(bi)電(dian)阻過(guo)大或過(guo)小的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)宜(yi)(yi)采用(yong)電(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，袋(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)受粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)比(bi)電(dian)阻的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)；粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)濃度(du)和(he)(he)粒(li)度(du)對(dui)電(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)效率的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)較為顯(xian)著，但對(dui)袋(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)不(bu)顯(xian)著；當(dang)氣(qi)體的(de)(de)(de)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃度(du)較高時，電(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)前宜(yi)(yi)設置預除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝置；袋(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)型(xing)式(shi)(shi)、清(qing)灰方式(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)過(guo)濾風速取決于粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)質（粒(li)徑、瓢(piao)性(xing)(xing)）；濕式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)適合于凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)憎水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)硬(ying)(ying)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)：粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)真密度(du)對(dui)重力除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣(guan)性(xing)(xing)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)旋風除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)顯(xian)著；對(dui)于新(xin)附性(xing)(xing)大的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，易導致除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)工作面貓(mao)結或堵塞，因此，不(bu)宜(yi)(yi)采用(yong)干法除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)遇水(shui)(shui)后(hou)，能產生可燃(ran)或有爆炸危(wei)險(xian)的(de)(de)(de)混合物時，不(bu)得采用(yong)濕式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。

4.根據壓(ya)力損(sun)失與能耗(hao)

袋式除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)的(de)阻力(li)比電除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)的(de)阻力(li)大，但從除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)整體(ti)能耗(hao)來對(dui)比，兩者能耗(hao)相差不大。

5.根(gen)據(ju)設備投(tou)資和運行(xing)費用(yong)

6.節水與防凍的(de)要(yao)求

水(shui)資源(yuan)缺乏的地區不適合采用(yong)(yong)濕(shi)式除塵(chen)器；北(bei)方地區存在冬(dong)季凍結的問題，盡可能不使用(yong)(yong)濕(shi)式除塵(chen)器。

7.粉塵和氣體回收利用的要求(qiu)

粉塵具(ju)有回(hui)收價(jia)值時(shi)，宜(yi)(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)干(gan)法(fa)除(chu)塵；當粉塵具(ju)有很高(gao)的回(hui)收價(jia)值時(shi)，宜(yi)(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)袋式除(chu)塵器；當凈化后的氣體需(xu)要(yao)回(hui)收利(li)用(yong)(yong)或凈化后的空氣需(xu)要(yao)再循環利(li)用(yong)(yong)時(shi)，宜(yi)(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)高(gao)效(xiao)袋式除(chu)塵器。