除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)的(de)工(gong)作好(hao)壞，不僅(jin)直接影響到除塵(chen)(chen)系統(tong)的(de)可靠運行，還(huan)關系到生(sheng)產(chan)系統(tong)的(de)正常運行、車間(jian)廠區和(he)周邊居民(min)的(de)環(huan)境衛生(sheng)、風機葉片的(de)磨損和(he)壽命，同時還(huan)涉(she)及(ji)有經(jing)濟(ji)價值物料的(de)回收利用問題(ti)。因此，必(bi)須正確地設計、選(xuan)擇(ze)與使(shi)用除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)。選(xuan)擇(ze)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)時必(bi)須全(quan)面考慮一次(ci)(ci)投資和(he)運行費用，如除塵(chen)(chen)效率、壓(ya)力損失(shi)、可靠性(xing)、一次(ci)(ci)投資、占地面積、維修管理等因素(su)，根據煙塵(chen)(chen)的(de)理化性(xing)質、特(te)點和(he)生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)藝的(de)要求(qiu)，針對性(xing)地選(xuan)擇(ze)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)。

1.根據除塵(chen)效率(lv)的要求

所選(xuan)除塵器必須滿足排放標準的要求(qiu)。

不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)具有(you)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵效率。對于運行狀況不(bu)(bu)穩定或波動較大的(de)(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵系統，要(yao)注意(yi)煙氣(qi)處理(li)量(liang)變化(hua)對除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵效率的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響。正(zheng)常運行時(shi)，除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)效率高低(di)排(pai)序(xu)是(shi)：袋式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)、電除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)及文丘里除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)、水(shui)膜旋(xuan)風除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)、旋(xuan)風除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)、慣(guan)性除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)、重力除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)

2.根據(ju)氣體性質

選擇除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)時(shi)，必須考慮(lv)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)的(de)風(feng)(feng)量(liang)、溫(wen)(wen)度、成分、濕(shi)度等因(yin)素。電除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)適合于大風(feng)(feng)量(liang)、溫(wen)(wen)度<400℃的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)凈化；袋(dai)式除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)適合于溫(wen)(wen)度<260℃的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)凈化，不(bu)(bu)受煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)大小的(de)限制，當溫(wen)(wen)度≥260℃時(shi)，煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)應冷(leng)卻降溫(wen)(wen)后(hou)方可使用(yong)(yong)袋(dai)式除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)；袋(dai)式除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)宜處(chu)(chu)理高濕(shi)度和(he)含油污的(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)凈化；易燃(ran)易爆(bao)的(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)凈化（如煤氣(qi)(qi)(qi)）適合于濕(shi)式除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)；旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)處(chu)(chu)理風(feng)(feng)量(liang)有限，當風(feng)(feng)量(liang)較(jiao)大時(shi)，可采用(yong)(yong)多臺除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)并聯的(de)方式；當需(xu)要同時(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)和(he)凈化有害氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)時(shi)，可考慮(lv)采用(yong)(yong)噴淋塔和(he)旋風(feng)(feng)水膜除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。< p=“”>

3.根(gen)據粉塵性質

粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)包括比電(dian)(dian)阻、粒度、真密(mi)度、瓢性(xing)(xing)(xing)、憎水性(xing)(xing)(xing)和水硬(ying)(ying)性(xing)(xing)(xing)、可(ke)(ke)燃、爆炸等。比電(dian)(dian)阻過大或(huo)(huo)過小的(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)(bu)宜采(cai)用電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)受粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)比電(dian)(dian)阻的(de)影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)；粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)濃(nong)度和粒度對(dui)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)效(xiao)率(lv)的(de)影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)較為顯著(zhu)，但對(dui)袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)不(bu)(bu)顯著(zhu)；當氣(qi)體(ti)的(de)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃(nong)度較高時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前(qian)宜設置預(yu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)置；袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)型式(shi)、清灰方(fang)式(shi)和過濾風速取決于粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)（粒徑(jing)、瓢性(xing)(xing)(xing)）；濕式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)適合(he)(he)于凈化憎水性(xing)(xing)(xing)和水硬(ying)(ying)性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)：粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)真密(mi)度對(dui)重力(li)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣性(xing)(xing)(xing)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和旋(xuan)風除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)影(ying)(ying)(ying)響(xiang)顯著(zhu)；對(dui)于新附性(xing)(xing)(xing)大的(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，易導致除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工作面貓結或(huo)(huo)堵塞，因此，不(bu)(bu)宜采(cai)用干法除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)凈化遇水后，能產生可(ke)(ke)燃或(huo)(huo)有爆炸危險的(de)混合(he)(he)物時(shi)，不(bu)(bu)得采(cai)用濕式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。

4.根據壓力損失(shi)與能耗

袋(dai)式除(chu)塵器的(de)阻力比電除(chu)塵器的(de)阻力大(da)，但從(cong)除(chu)塵器整體能(neng)(neng)耗來對比，兩(liang)者(zhe)能(neng)(neng)耗相(xiang)差不大(da)。

5.根據設備投資(zi)和運行費用

6.節水與(yu)防凍的要求

水資源缺乏(fa)的地區(qu)不(bu)(bu)適合采用(yong)濕(shi)式(shi)除塵器；北方(fang)地區(qu)存在冬季凍(dong)結的問(wen)題(ti)，盡可能不(bu)(bu)使用(yong)濕(shi)式(shi)除塵器。

7.粉塵和氣體(ti)回收利用的要求

粉(fen)塵(chen)具有回收價值時(shi)，宜采用干法除(chu)塵(chen)；當粉(fen)塵(chen)具有很高的(de)回收價值時(shi)，宜采用袋式除(chu)塵(chen)器；當凈化(hua)后的(de)氣體需(xu)要回收利(li)(li)用或凈化(hua)后的(de)空氣需(xu)要再循(xun)環(huan)利(li)(li)用時(shi)，宜采用高效袋式除(chu)塵(chen)器。