旋(xuan)風除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器是除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝置的(de)一(yi)(yi)類。除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)機理是使(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)氣流作旋(xuan)轉運動，借助于離(li)心力(li)將塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒從氣流中分離(li)并捕集于器壁，再借助重力(li)作用使(shi)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒落(luo)入灰斗。旋(xuan)風除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器的(de)各個部件(jian)都(dou)有(you)一(yi)(yi)定的(de)尺(chi)寸比(bi)例，每一(yi)(yi)個比(bi)例關系的(de)變動，都(dou)能影響旋(xuan)風除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器的(de)效(xiao)率和壓(ya)力(li)損(sun)(sun)失(shi)，其中除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器直(zhi)徑、進氣口(kou)尺(chi)寸、排氣管直(zhi)徑為主要影響因(yin)(yin)素(su)。在使(shi)用時(shi)應注意，當超過某一(yi)(yi)界限時(shi)，有(you)利(li)(li)因(yin)(yin)素(su)也能轉化為不利(li)(li)因(yin)(yin)素(su)。另外，有(you)的(de)因(yin)(yin)素(su)對于提高除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率有(you)利(li)(li)，但卻會增(zeng)加壓(ya)力(li)損(sun)(sun)失(shi)，因(yin)(yin)而對各因(yin)(yin)素(su)的(de)調整必須兼顧。、

旋風除塵器于1885年開始使(shi)用，已發(fa)展成(cheng)為多種形式。按氣(qi)流進(jin)入方式，可分為切向進(jin)入式和軸向進(jin)入式兩類。在相(xiang)同壓力損失(shi)下，后者(zhe)能處理的氣(qi)體約為前者(zhe)的3倍，且氣(qi)流分布(bu)均(jun)勻。

旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是由進氣(qi)(qi)管(guan)、排氣(qi)(qi)管(guan)、圓筒體(ti)、圓錐體(ti)和灰斗組成。旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)結構簡單，易于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)制(zhi)造(zao)、安(an)裝(zhuang)和維(wei)護管(guan)理，設(she)備投資和操作(zuo)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)都較(jiao)低，已廣泛用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)從(cong)氣(qi)(qi)流(liu)中(zhong)(zhong)分離固(gu)體(ti)和液(ye)體(ti)粒(li)(li)(li)子(zi)，或(huo)從(cong)液(ye)體(ti)中(zhong)(zhong)分離固(gu)體(ti)粒(li)(li)(li)子(zi)。在普(pu)通(tong)操作(zuo)條件下，作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)粒(li)(li)(li)子(zi)上的(de)(de)離心(xin)力是重力的(de)(de)5～2500倍，所(suo)以(yi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)顯著高于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)重力沉降室。利用(yong)(yong)(yong)這一(yi)個原理基礎成功研(yan)究出了一(yi)款除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)為百分之九十(shi)以(yi)上的(de)(de)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。在機(ji)械式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)，旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)。它(ta)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)非(fei)黏(nian)性及非(fei)纖維(wei)性粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)去(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)，大多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)來去(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)5μm以(yi)上的(de)(de)粒(li)(li)(li)子(zi)，并(bing)聯的(de)(de)多(duo)管(guan)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)對3μm的(de)(de)粒(li)(li)(li)子(zi)也具有80～85%的(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)。選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)耐高溫、耐磨蝕和腐蝕的(de)(de)特種(zhong)金屬(shu)或(huo)陶瓷材料(liao)構造(zao)的(de)(de)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，可(ke)在溫度高達1000℃，壓力達500×105Pa的(de)(de)條件下操作(zuo)。從(cong)技術(shu)、經(jing)濟諸方(fang)面考慮旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)壓力損(sun)失控制(zhi)范圍一(yi)般為500～2000Pa。因此，它(ta)屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)效(xiao)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，且可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)高溫煙氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)凈(jing)化，是應用(yong)(yong)(yong)廣泛的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，多(duo)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)鍋爐煙氣(qi)(qi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)、多(duo)級除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)及預除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)。它(ta)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要缺點是對細小塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)(li)（<5μm）的(de)(de)去(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)較(jiao)低。