濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)以濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)作(zuo)為過濾(lv)(lv)(lv)元件所組成(cheng)或采用脈(mo)沖(chong)噴(pen)吹的除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。 濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)按安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)方式(shi)分，可(ke)(ke)以分為斜插(cha)式(shi)，側裝(zhuang)(zhuang)式(shi)，吊裝(zhuang)(zhuang)式(shi)，上裝(zhuang)(zhuang)式(shi)。 濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)按濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材料分，可(ke)(ke)以分為長纖維聚酯濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，復合纖維濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，防靜電濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，阻燃濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，覆膜濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，納米濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)等。
濾(lv)筒(tong)式除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)早在(zai)20世紀70年(nian)代(dai)就已經在(zai)日(ri)本和歐美一些國家(jia)出(chu)現，具有體(ti)積小(xiao)，效(xiao)率高(gao)，投資省，易(yi)維護等優點，但因(yin)其(qi)設(she)備容(rong)量(liang)小(xiao)，難(nan)組合成大風(feng)量(liang)設(she)備，過濾(lv)風(feng)速偏(pian)低，應用范圍窄，僅(jin)在(zai)糧食、焊接等行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)應用，所以多年(nian)來未能大量(liang)推廣。近年(nian)來，隨著新技術、新材(cai)料不(bu)斷地發展，以日(ri)本，美國的公司為(wei)代(dai)表，對(dui)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)的結構和濾(lv)料進(jin)(jin)行(xing)了改進(jin)(jin)，使(shi)(shi)得濾(lv)筒(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)廣泛地應用于水泥、鋼鐵、電(dian)力、食品、冶金、化工(gong)等工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)領域(yu)，整體(ti)容(rong)量(liang)增加數倍，成為(wei)過濾(lv)面(mian)積>2000m2大型除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)（GB6719－86類），是解決(jue)傳(chuan)統除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)對(dui)超(chao)細(xi)粉塵(chen)(chen)收集(ji)難(nan)、過濾(lv)風(feng)速高(gao)、清灰(hui)效(xiao)果差、濾(lv)袋(dai)易(yi)磨損破漏、運行(xing)成本高(gao)的上好方案，和市(shi)場上現有各種袋(dai)式、靜電(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)相比具有有效(xiao)過濾(lv)面(mian)積大、壓差低、低排放、體(ti)積小(xiao)、使(shi)(shi)用壽(shou)命長等特點，成為(wei)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)發展的新方向。
濾筒式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)器的(de)結構(gou)是(shi)由進風(feng)管、排風(feng)管、箱(xiang)體(ti)、灰斗、清(qing)灰裝置、導流裝置、氣流分(fen)流分(fen)布板、濾筒及電控(kong)裝置組成，類(lei)似氣箱(xiang)脈沖袋(dai)除(chu)塵(chen)結構(gou)。
濾(lv)筒在除塵器中的布(bu)置(zhi)很重要(yao)，既可以(yi)垂直布(bu)置(zhi)在箱體花(hua)板(ban)(ban)上，也(ye)可以(yi)傾斜(xie)布(bu)置(zhi) 在花(hua)板(ban)(ban)上，從清(qing)灰效果看(kan)，垂直布(bu)置(zhi)較為(wei)(wei)(wei)合理。花(hua)板(ban)(ban)下(xia)部為(wei)(wei)(wei)過濾(lv)室，上部為(wei)(wei)(wei)氣(qi)箱脈沖室。在除塵器入口處裝有氣(qi)流(liu)分布(bu)板(ban)(ban)。
含(han)塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體進(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)除塵(chen)(chen)器灰(hui)(hui)斗后(hou)，由(you)于氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)斷面突然擴(kuo)大(da)(da)及氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)分布板作用(yong)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)中一部分粗大(da)(da)顆粒在(zai)動和(he)慣性力作用(yong)下沉降在(zai)灰(hui)(hui)斗；粒度細、密度小的塵(chen)(chen)粒進(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)濾塵(chen)(chen)室后(hou)，通過布朗(lang)擴(kuo)散(san)和(he)篩濾等組(zu)合效(xiao)應，使(shi)粉塵(chen)(chen)沉積在(zai)濾料表面上，凈化后(hou)的氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體進(jin)入(ru)(ru)(ru)凈氣(qi)(qi)(qi)室由(you)排氣(qi)(qi)(qi)管經風機(ji)排出(chu)。
濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)式除塵(chen)器的阻(zu)力(li)隨(sui)濾(lv)(lv)料(liao)表面(mian)粉塵(chen)層(ceng)厚度的增加而(er)增大(da)。阻(zu)力(li)達到某一(yi)規定值(zhi)時(shi)進(jin)行(xing)清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)。此時(shi)PLC程序控制(zhi)脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)閥(fa)(fa)的啟(qi)閉(bi)(bi)，首先一(yi)分室(shi)提(ti)升(sheng)閥(fa)(fa)關(guan)閉(bi)(bi)，將過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)氣流截斷，然后電磁脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)閥(fa)(fa)開啟(qi)，壓(ya)縮空(kong)氣以及短的時(shi)間在(zai)上箱(xiang)體內迅速膨脹，涌入濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)，使濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)膨脹變(bian)形產生振動(dong)，并在(zai)逆向氣流沖(chong)刷的作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)，附著在(zai)濾(lv)(lv)袋外表面(mian)上的粉塵(chen)被剝離(li)落入灰(hui)斗(dou)中。清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)完畢后，電磁脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)閥(fa)(fa)關(guan)閉(bi)(bi)，提(ti)升(sheng)閥(fa)(fa)打開，該室(shi)又恢(hui)復過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)狀態。清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)各(ge)室(shi)依次進(jin)行(xing)，從一(yi)室(shi)清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)開始至下(xia)一(yi)次清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)開始為一(yi)個清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)周(zhou)期。脫(tuo)落的粉塵(chen)掉入灰(hui)斗(dou)內通過(guo)(guo)缷灰(hui)閥(fa)(fa)排出(chu)。
在(zai)此過(guo)程中必須定期對濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)進行更(geng)換和清洗，以確(que)保(bao)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)效果和精度，因為在(zai)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)過(guo)程中粉(fen)塵除了被阻隔(ge)外還有部分會沉積于(yu)濾(lv)(lv)料表面，增大阻力，所以一般的(de)正確(que)更(geng)換時間是三至五個(ge)月(yue)！
