旋(xuan)風(feng)除塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是除塵(chen)裝(zhuang)置的一類。除塵(chen)機理是使含塵(chen)氣(qi)流作旋(xuan)轉運動，借(jie)助于(yu)(yu)離心力將塵(chen)粒從氣(qi)流中(zhong)分離并捕集于(yu)(yu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)壁，再(zai)借(jie)助重力作用(yong)使塵(chen)粒落入灰(hui)斗。旋(xuan)風(feng)除塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的各(ge)個(ge)部件(jian)都(dou)有(you)一定的尺寸(cun)比例，每(mei)一個(ge)比例關系的變動，都(dou)能影響旋(xuan)風(feng)除塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的效率和壓(ya)力損(sun)失(shi)，其中(zhong)除塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)直(zhi)徑、進氣(qi)口尺寸(cun)、排(pai)氣(qi)管(guan)直(zhi)徑為(wei)主要影響因(yin)素(su)。在(zai)使用(yong)時(shi)應注意，當超過某一界限時(shi)，有(you)利因(yin)素(su)也能轉化為(wei)不利因(yin)素(su)。另外(wai)，有(you)的因(yin)素(su)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)提高(gao)除塵(chen)效率有(you)利，但卻(que)會增(zeng)加壓(ya)力損(sun)失(shi)，因(yin)而對(dui)各(ge)因(yin)素(su)的調整必須(xu)兼顧。、

旋風除塵(chen)器(qi)于1885年開始使用，已發展成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)多(duo)種形式(shi)(shi)。按氣(qi)流進入方式(shi)(shi)，可分為(wei)(wei)切向(xiang)進入式(shi)(shi)和軸(zhou)向(xiang)進入式(shi)(shi)兩類。在相同(tong)壓力損(sun)失下，后(hou)者能處理的(de)氣(qi)體約(yue)為(wei)(wei)前者的(de)3倍(bei)，且氣(qi)流分布(bu)均(jun)勻。

旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)由進氣(qi)管、排氣(qi)管、圓(yuan)筒體、圓(yuan)錐體和(he)(he)灰斗組成。旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)結構(gou)簡單，易于(yu)(yu)(yu)制造(zao)、安(an)裝(zhuang)和(he)(he)維護(hu)管理，設備投資和(he)(he)操(cao)作費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)都較低，已廣(guang)泛用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)從氣(qi)流中(zhong)(zhong)分離固體和(he)(he)液體粒子，或(huo)從液體中(zhong)(zhong)分離固體粒子。在(zai)普(pu)通操(cao)作條件下，作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)粒子上(shang)的(de)離心(xin)力(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)重(zhong)力(li)(li)的(de)5～2500倍，所以旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)效率(lv)(lv)顯(xian)著高于(yu)(yu)(yu)重(zhong)力(li)(li)沉降室(shi)。利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)這(zhe)一(yi)個原理基礎成功研究(jiu)出(chu)了一(yi)款除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)(lv)為百分之九十以上(shang)的(de)旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。在(zai)機械式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)，旋風(feng)(feng)式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)效率(lv)(lv)較高的(de)一(yi)種。它(ta)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)非(fei)黏性及非(fei)纖維性粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)，大(da)多(duo)(duo)(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)來去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)5μm以上(shang)的(de)粒子，并(bing)聯的(de)多(duo)(duo)(duo)管旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)對(dui)(dui)3μm的(de)粒子也具有80～85%的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)(lv)。選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)耐高溫、耐磨(mo)蝕和(he)(he)腐蝕的(de)特種金屬或(huo)陶瓷材(cai)料構(gou)造(zao)的(de)旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，可(ke)在(zai)溫度高達(da)1000℃，壓(ya)力(li)(li)達(da)500×105Pa的(de)條件下操(cao)作。從技術、經(jing)濟(ji)諸方面(mian)考慮(lv)旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)力(li)(li)損失控制范圍(wei)一(yi)般為500～2000Pa。因此，它(ta)屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)效除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，且可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)高溫煙(yan)氣(qi)的(de)凈化(hua)，是(shi)(shi)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)廣(guang)泛的(de)一(yi)種除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，多(duo)(duo)(duo)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)鍋爐煙(yan)氣(qi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)、多(duo)(duo)(duo)級除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)及預除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。它(ta)的(de)主要缺點(dian)是(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)細小塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒（<5μm）的(de)去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)效率(lv)(lv)較低。