除塵(chen)(chen)器的(de)工作好壞，不僅直接影響到除塵(chen)(chen)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)可靠運行(xing)，還關系(xi)到生(sheng)產系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)正常運行(xing)、車間廠(chang)區(qu)和周邊居民的(de)環境衛生(sheng)、風機葉片的(de)磨損(sun)和壽命，同時(shi)還涉及有經(jing)濟價值物料的(de)回收利用(yong)(yong)問題(ti)。因此，必(bi)須正確地設計、選擇與使(shi)用(yong)(yong)除塵(chen)(chen)器。選擇除塵(chen)(chen)器時(shi)必(bi)須全面考慮一次投資(zi)和運行(xing)費用(yong)(yong)，如除塵(chen)(chen)效率、壓力損(sun)失(shi)、可靠性(xing)、一次投資(zi)、占地面積、維(wei)修管理等因素，根據煙塵(chen)(chen)的(de)理化(hua)性(xing)質、特點和生(sheng)產工藝的(de)要求，針對性(xing)地選擇除塵(chen)(chen)器。

1.根(gen)據除塵效(xiao)率的要求

所選除塵器(qi)必須(xu)滿足排放(fang)標準的要求。

不(bu)同(tong)的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)具有不(bu)同(tong)的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率。對于運行(xing)狀況不(bu)穩定或波動較(jiao)大的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)系統，要(yao)注意煙氣處(chu)理(li)量變化對除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率的(de)影響。正常(chang)運行(xing)時，除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)效率高低排序是：袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、電除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)及文丘(qiu)里除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、水膜旋風除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、旋風除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣性除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、重(zhong)力(li)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)

2.根據氣(qi)體性質(zhi)

選擇除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，必須考慮(lv)氣體(ti)的風(feng)(feng)量(liang)、溫度(du)(du)、成(cheng)分、濕度(du)(du)等因素。電除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)適合于大風(feng)(feng)量(liang)、溫度(du)(du)<400℃的煙(yan)氣凈化(hua)(hua)(hua)；袋式(shi)(shi)(shi)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)適合于溫度(du)(du)<260℃的煙(yan)氣凈化(hua)(hua)(hua)，不(bu)受煙(yan)氣量(liang)大小的限(xian)制，當(dang)溫度(du)(du)≥260℃時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，煙(yan)氣應冷卻降溫后(hou)方可使用袋式(shi)(shi)(shi)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)；袋式(shi)(shi)(shi)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)宜(yi)處理(li)高濕度(du)(du)和含油污(wu)的煙(yan)氣凈化(hua)(hua)(hua)；易(yi)燃易(yi)爆的氣體(ti)凈化(hua)(hua)(hua)（如(ru)煤氣）適合于濕式(shi)(shi)(shi)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)；旋風(feng)(feng)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的處理(li)風(feng)(feng)量(liang)有限(xian)，當(dang)風(feng)(feng)量(liang)較大時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，可采用多臺除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)并(bing)聯的方式(shi)(shi)(shi)；當(dang)需要同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)和凈化(hua)(hua)(hua)有害(hai)氣體(ti)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，可考慮(lv)采用噴(pen)淋塔和旋風(feng)(feng)水(shui)膜除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。< p=“”>

3.根據(ju)粉塵性質

粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)包括比(bi)電(dian)(dian)阻、粒(li)(li)度(du)、真密度(du)、瓢性(xing)(xing)(xing)、憎水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)水(shui)硬性(xing)(xing)(xing)、可燃、爆(bao)炸等。比(bi)電(dian)(dian)阻過(guo)大(da)(da)或(huo)過(guo)小(xiao)的(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)宜采(cai)(cai)(cai)用電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)不(bu)受粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)比(bi)電(dian)(dian)阻的(de)(de)影(ying)響；粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)濃(nong)度(du)和(he)(he)粒(li)(li)度(du)對(dui)(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)效率的(de)(de)影(ying)響較(jiao)為(wei)顯著，但對(dui)(dui)(dui)袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)影(ying)響不(bu)顯著；當氣體(ti)的(de)(de)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃(nong)度(du)較(jiao)高(gao)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)前(qian)宜設置預(yu)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝置；袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)型式(shi)、清灰(hui)方式(shi)和(he)(he)過(guo)濾風(feng)(feng)速(su)取(qu)決于粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)（粒(li)(li)徑、瓢性(xing)(xing)(xing)）；濕式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)不(bu)適合于凈化憎水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)水(shui)硬性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)：粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)真密度(du)對(dui)(dui)(dui)重力(li)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)、慣性(xing)(xing)(xing)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)影(ying)響顯著；對(dui)(dui)(dui)于新附(fu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，易(yi)導致除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)工作面貓結或(huo)堵塞(sai)，因(yin)此，不(bu)宜采(cai)(cai)(cai)用干法(fa)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)凈化遇(yu)水(shui)后，能(neng)產生可燃或(huo)有爆(bao)炸危險的(de)(de)混合物時(shi)，不(bu)得采(cai)(cai)(cai)用濕式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)。

4.根據壓力損失(shi)與能耗

袋式除(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)的阻(zu)力比電除(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)的阻(zu)力大，但從除(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)整體能耗來對(dui)比，兩(liang)者(zhe)能耗相差不大。

5.根(gen)據(ju)設備(bei)投資和運行費用

6.節(jie)水與(yu)防凍的要(yao)求

水資源缺(que)乏的(de)(de)地區不適合采用濕(shi)式(shi)(shi)除塵器；北(bei)方地區存在冬季凍結(jie)的(de)(de)問題，盡可能不使用濕(shi)式(shi)(shi)除塵器。

7.粉(fen)塵和(he)氣體回(hui)收利用的要求

粉塵(chen)(chen)具有(you)(you)回(hui)收價(jia)值時(shi)(shi)，宜(yi)(yi)采用(yong)干法除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)；當粉塵(chen)(chen)具有(you)(you)很(hen)高(gao)的(de)回(hui)收價(jia)值時(shi)(shi)，宜(yi)(yi)采用(yong)袋式除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)；當凈(jing)化后(hou)的(de)氣體需要回(hui)收利用(yong)或(huo)凈(jing)化后(hou)的(de)空(kong)氣需要再循(xun)環(huan)利用(yong)時(shi)(shi)，宜(yi)(yi)采用(yong)高(gao)效袋式除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)。