除塵(chen)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)工作好壞，不僅直接影響到除塵(chen)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)靠運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，還關系(xi)到生產(chan)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)正常運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)、車間(jian)廠(chang)區和周邊(bian)居民的(de)(de)(de)環境衛生、風機葉(xie)片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)磨損(sun)和壽命，同時還涉及有經(jing)濟價值物料的(de)(de)(de)回收利用(yong)問(wen)題。因此，必須正確(que)地(di)(di)設計、選(xuan)擇與使用(yong)除塵(chen)器(qi)。選(xuan)擇除塵(chen)器(qi)時必須全面考慮(lv)一次(ci)投資和運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)費用(yong)，如除塵(chen)效(xiao)率、壓力(li)損(sun)失、可(ke)靠性、一次(ci)投資、占地(di)(di)面積(ji)、維修(xiu)管理(li)(li)等因素，根據煙塵(chen)的(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)化性質(zhi)、特點和生產(chan)工藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)，針對性地(di)(di)選(xuan)擇除塵(chen)器(qi)。

1.根據除塵效率的要求

所選除塵器必須(xu)滿足(zu)排放標準的要求。

不(bu)同的除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)具(ju)有(you)不(bu)同的除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)。對于運行狀況不(bu)穩(wen)定或(huo)波動較(jiao)大的除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)系(xi)統，要注意(yi)煙氣處理量變化對除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)的影響。正常(chang)運行時，除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的效(xiao)率(lv)高低(di)排(pai)序(xu)是：袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、電(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及文丘(qiu)里(li)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、水膜旋(xuan)風除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、旋(xuan)風除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣(guan)性(xing)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、重(zhong)力除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)

2.根據氣體性質

選擇(ze)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)時(shi)，必須考(kao)慮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)、成(cheng)分、濕度(du)(du)(du)等因(yin)素。電除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)適(shi)合于(yu)大風(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)<400℃的(de)(de)(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)凈(jing)化；袋(dai)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)適(shi)合于(yu)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)<260℃的(de)(de)(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)凈(jing)化，不受煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大小的(de)(de)(de)限制，當(dang)(dang)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)≥260℃時(shi)，煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)應冷(leng)卻降溫(wen)后(hou)方(fang)可(ke)使用(yong)袋(dai)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)；袋(dai)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)不宜處理高濕度(du)(du)(du)和(he)含油(you)污的(de)(de)(de)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)凈(jing)化；易燃(ran)易爆的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)凈(jing)化（如煤氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)）適(shi)合于(yu)濕式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)；旋(xuan)風(feng)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)處理風(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)有(you)限，當(dang)(dang)風(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)較大時(shi)，可(ke)采用(yong)多臺除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)并聯的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)；當(dang)(dang)需要同時(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)和(he)凈(jing)化有(you)害氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)時(shi)，可(ke)考(kao)慮采用(yong)噴淋塔和(he)旋(xuan)風(feng)水膜除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)。< p=“”>

3.根(gen)據粉塵性質

粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質包括比(bi)(bi)電阻、粒度(du)(du)、真(zhen)(zhen)密度(du)(du)、瓢性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、憎(zeng)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)水(shui)(shui)硬性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、可(ke)燃、爆炸(zha)等(deng)。比(bi)(bi)電阻過(guo)大或(huo)過(guo)小的(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)(bu)宜采(cai)用電除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，袋式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)受(shou)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)比(bi)(bi)電阻的(de)影(ying)響；粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)濃度(du)(du)和(he)粒度(du)(du)對電除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)效率的(de)影(ying)響較為顯(xian)著，但對袋式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)影(ying)響不(bu)(bu)顯(xian)著；當氣體的(de)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃度(du)(du)較高時(shi)，電除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)前宜設(she)置預除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝置；袋式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)型(xing)式(shi)(shi)、清灰方式(shi)(shi)和(he)過(guo)濾風速取決于(yu)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質（粒徑、瓢性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)）；濕式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)適合于(yu)凈(jing)化憎(zeng)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)水(shui)(shui)硬性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)：粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)真(zhen)(zhen)密度(du)(du)對重力除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)、慣性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)和(he)旋(xuan)風除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)影(ying)響顯(xian)著；對于(yu)新附性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)大的(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，易導致除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)工(gong)作面貓結或(huo)堵塞，因(yin)此，不(bu)(bu)宜采(cai)用干法(fa)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)凈(jing)化遇水(shui)(shui)后(hou)，能(neng)產生(sheng)可(ke)燃或(huo)有(you)爆炸(zha)危險的(de)混合物時(shi)，不(bu)(bu)得采(cai)用濕式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)。

4.根據壓力(li)損失與能耗

袋式除塵(chen)(chen)器的阻(zu)(zu)力比(bi)電除塵(chen)(chen)器的阻(zu)(zu)力大(da)，但(dan)從除塵(chen)(chen)器整體(ti)能耗來對比(bi)，兩者能耗相差不大(da)。

5.根據設備投資和運(yun)行費用

6.節(jie)水與(yu)防凍的要求

水資源缺乏(fa)的(de)地區不(bu)適合采用濕(shi)式除塵(chen)器(qi)；北(bei)方地區存在冬(dong)季凍結(jie)的(de)問題(ti)，盡可能不(bu)使(shi)用濕(shi)式除塵(chen)器(qi)。

7.粉(fen)塵和(he)氣體(ti)回收利用的(de)要求

粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)具有回(hui)(hui)收(shou)價值時，宜采用(yong)(yong)干法除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)；當(dang)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)具有很高(gao)(gao)的(de)回(hui)(hui)收(shou)價值時，宜采用(yong)(yong)袋式除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器；當(dang)凈化(hua)后的(de)氣體需要回(hui)(hui)收(shou)利(li)用(yong)(yong)或凈化(hua)后的(de)空氣需要再循(xun)環利(li)用(yong)(yong)時，宜采用(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)效袋式除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器。