濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器以濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)作為過濾(lv)元件所組成或采用脈(mo)沖噴吹的除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器。 濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器按安裝方式(shi)(shi)分,可以分為斜插式(shi)(shi),側裝式(shi)(shi),吊裝式(shi)(shi),上裝式(shi)(shi)。 濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器按濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材(cai)料(liao)分,可以分為長纖維(wei)聚(ju)酯濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器,復合纖維(wei)濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器,防(fang)靜電(dian)濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器,阻燃濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器,覆膜濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器,納(na)米濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器等。
濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)式除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器早在(zai)20世紀70年代就已經在(zai)日本和(he)歐美一些國家出(chu)現,具(ju)有體(ti)積小(xiao),效率(lv)高(gao),投資省,易(yi)維護等(deng)優點(dian),但(dan)因其設備容量(liang)小(xiao),難(nan)組(zu)合成(cheng)大風(feng)(feng)量(liang)設備,過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)風(feng)(feng)速偏低(di),應用(yong)范圍窄,僅(jin)在(zai)糧食、焊接(jie)等(deng)行(xing)業應用(yong),所以多年來未能大量(liang)推廣(guang)。近年來,隨著(zhu)新(xin)(xin)技術、新(xin)(xin)材料不斷(duan)地發展,以日本,美國的(de)(de)公司為(wei)(wei)代表,對除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器的(de)(de)結(jie)構和(he)濾(lv)(lv)料進行(xing)了改進,使得(de)濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器廣(guang)泛地應用(yong)于水(shui)泥、鋼鐵、電(dian)力、食品、冶金、化(hua)工(gong)等(deng)工(gong)業領域,整體(ti)容量(liang)增加數倍,成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)面(mian)(mian)積>2000m2大型除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(GB6719-86類),是解(jie)決傳統除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器對超(chao)細粉塵(chen)(chen)收集(ji)難(nan)、過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)風(feng)(feng)速高(gao)、清灰效果(guo)差(cha)、濾(lv)(lv)袋易(yi)磨損破(po)漏、運行(xing)成(cheng)本高(gao)的(de)(de)上好方(fang)案(an),和(he)市(shi)場上現有各種袋式、靜電(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器相(xiang)比(bi)具(ju)有有效過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)面(mian)(mian)積大、壓差(cha)低(di)、低(di)排放(fang)、體(ti)積小(xiao)、使用(yong)壽命長(chang)等(deng)特點(dian),成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)工(gong)業除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器發展的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)方(fang)向。
濾筒式除塵器(qi)的結構是由進(jin)風(feng)管、排(pai)風(feng)管、箱(xiang)體(ti)、灰(hui)斗、清灰(hui)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)、導流裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)、氣流分(fen)流分(fen)布板(ban)、濾筒及電控裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)組成,類似氣箱(xiang)脈(mo)沖袋(dai)除塵結構。
濾(lv)筒在除塵器中的布(bu)置很重要,既可(ke)以垂直(zhi)布(bu)置在箱體花(hua)(hua)板上,也可(ke)以傾斜布(bu)置 在花(hua)(hua)板上,從(cong)清灰效果看,垂直(zhi)布(bu)置較為合理。花(hua)(hua)板下部為過濾(lv)室(shi),上部為氣(qi)(qi)箱脈沖室(shi)。在除塵器入口處裝(zhuang)有(you)氣(qi)(qi)流(liu)分布(bu)板。
含塵氣(qi)體(ti)進(jin)入(ru)(ru)除(chu)塵器灰斗后(hou),由于氣(qi)流斷(duan)面(mian)突(tu)然(ran)擴大及(ji)氣(qi)流分布(bu)(bu)板(ban)作用,氣(qi)流中一(yi)部分粗(cu)大顆粒在(zai)動和慣(guan)性力(li)作用下沉降在(zai)灰斗;粒度(du)(du)細、密(mi)度(du)(du)小的塵粒進(jin)入(ru)(ru)濾塵室(shi)后(hou),通(tong)過布(bu)(bu)朗擴散和篩濾等(deng)組(zu)合(he)效應,使粉(fen)塵沉積在(zai)濾料表面(mian)上(shang),凈(jing)(jing)化后(hou)的氣(qi)體(ti)進(jin)入(ru)(ru)凈(jing)(jing)氣(qi)室(shi)由排氣(qi)管經風機排出。
濾(lv)筒式除塵器的(de)阻(zu)力隨濾(lv)料表面粉塵層厚度(du)的(de)增(zeng)加(jia)而增(zeng)大。阻(zu)力達到某一規定值時(shi)(shi)進行清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)。此時(shi)(shi)PLC程序控制脈沖(chong)閥(fa)的(de)啟閉(bi),首先一分室提(ti)升閥(fa)關(guan)閉(bi),將過(guo)濾(lv)氣(qi)流(liu)截斷,然(ran)后(hou)電(dian)磁脈沖(chong)閥(fa)開啟,壓縮空氣(qi)以及短的(de)時(shi)(shi)間在(zai)上箱(xiang)體內(nei)(nei)迅速膨脹,涌(yong)入濾(lv)筒,使濾(lv)筒膨脹變形產生振動,并在(zai)逆向氣(qi)流(liu)沖(chong)刷的(de)作用下,附著在(zai)濾(lv)袋外表面上的(de)粉塵被剝(bo)離落入灰(hui)斗(dou)中。清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)完畢后(hou),電(dian)磁脈沖(chong)閥(fa)關(guan)閉(bi),提(ti)升閥(fa)打(da)開,該室又恢復過(guo)濾(lv)狀態(tai)。清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)各(ge)室依次(ci)進行,從一室清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)開始(shi)至下一次(ci)清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)開始(shi)為一個清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)周(zhou)期。脫落的(de)粉塵掉(diao)入灰(hui)斗(dou)內(nei)(nei)通過(guo)缷灰(hui)閥(fa)排出。
在此(ci)過程(cheng)(cheng)中必須定期對濾(lv)筒進(jin)行更換和(he)清(qing)洗,以確(que)保過濾(lv)效果和(he)精度,因(yin)為(wei)在過濾(lv)過程(cheng)(cheng)中粉塵除了被阻隔外(wai)還(huan)有部分會沉積于濾(lv)料表(biao)面(mian),增(zeng)大阻力,所以一般的正確(que)更換時間是(shi)三至五個月(yue)!