旋風除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)裝置的一(yi)(yi)(yi)類。除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)機理是(shi)(shi)使(shi)(shi)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)流作(zuo)旋轉運動(dong)，借助(zhu)于離心力(li)(li)將塵(chen)(chen)粒從氣(qi)流中(zhong)分離并捕集于器(qi)(qi)壁(bi)，再(zai)借助(zhu)重力(li)(li)作(zuo)用使(shi)(shi)塵(chen)(chen)粒落入灰斗。旋風除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的各個(ge)部件都(dou)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)的尺寸比例，每一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)比例關系(xi)的變(bian)動(dong)，都(dou)能(neng)影響(xiang)旋風除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的效率和(he)壓力(li)(li)損失(shi)，其(qi)中(zhong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)直徑、進(jin)氣(qi)口尺寸、排氣(qi)管直徑為主要(yao)影響(xiang)因素(su)。在使(shi)(shi)用時(shi)應注意，當超(chao)過某(mou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)界限(xian)時(shi)，有利因素(su)也能(neng)轉化為不利因素(su)。另外，有的因素(su)對于提(ti)高除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率有利，但卻會增(zeng)加壓力(li)(li)損失(shi)，因而對各因素(su)的調(diao)整(zheng)必須兼顧。、

旋風除塵器于(yu)1885年開始使用，已發展成(cheng)為(wei)多種形式(shi)(shi)(shi)。按氣(qi)(qi)流(liu)進(jin)入方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)，可分(fen)為(wei)切向(xiang)(xiang)進(jin)入式(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)軸向(xiang)(xiang)進(jin)入式(shi)(shi)(shi)兩類。在相同壓力損失下，后者(zhe)能處理的氣(qi)(qi)體約為(wei)前者(zhe)的3倍，且氣(qi)(qi)流(liu)分(fen)布均勻。

旋(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器是(shi)(shi)由進氣(qi)(qi)管(guan)、排氣(qi)(qi)管(guan)、圓筒(tong)體(ti)、圓錐體(ti)和(he)灰斗組成。旋(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器結構簡單(dan)，易(yi)于(yu)制(zhi)造(zao)、安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)和(he)維護管(guan)理，設備(bei)投資(zi)和(he)操(cao)作費用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)都(dou)較(jiao)低(di)，已廣泛用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)從(cong)氣(qi)(qi)流中分離(li)固體(ti)和(he)液體(ti)粒(li)子(zi)，或從(cong)液體(ti)中分離(li)固體(ti)粒(li)子(zi)。在(zai)普通(tong)操(cao)作條件下，作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)粒(li)子(zi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)離(li)心力(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)重力(li)(li)的(de)(de)5～2500倍，所以(yi)旋(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器的(de)(de)效率(lv)(lv)顯(xian)著高(gao)(gao)于(yu)重力(li)(li)沉降室(shi)。利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)這一(yi)個原(yuan)理基礎成功研究(jiu)出了一(yi)款除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)(lv)為百分之(zhi)九十(shi)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)旋(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)。在(zai)機械式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器中，旋(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器是(shi)(shi)效率(lv)(lv)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)。它(ta)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)非黏性及(ji)非纖維性粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)去(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)，大多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)來去(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)5μm以(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)粒(li)子(zi)，并聯(lian)的(de)(de)多(duo)管(guan)旋(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)對3μm的(de)(de)粒(li)子(zi)也具有80～85%的(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)(lv)。選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)耐(nai)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)、耐(nai)磨蝕(shi)(shi)和(he)腐(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)特種(zhong)(zhong)金屬或陶瓷材料構造(zao)的(de)(de)旋(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器，可在(zai)溫(wen)度高(gao)(gao)達1000℃，壓力(li)(li)達500×105Pa的(de)(de)條件下操(cao)作。從(cong)技術(shu)、經濟諸方面考(kao)慮旋(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器壓力(li)(li)損失(shi)控制(zhi)范圍一(yi)般為500～2000Pa。因此，它(ta)屬于(yu)中效除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器，且可用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)煙氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)凈化，是(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)廣泛的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器，多(duo)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)鍋爐煙氣(qi)(qi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)、多(duo)級除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)及(ji)預除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。它(ta)的(de)(de)主要(yao)缺(que)點是(shi)(shi)對細小塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)（<5μm）的(de)(de)去(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)效率(lv)(lv)較(jiao)低(di)。