除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)的(de)(de)工作好(hao)壞，不僅直接(jie)影(ying)響到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)系(xi)統的(de)(de)可靠運(yun)行，還關系(xi)到生產系(xi)統的(de)(de)正(zheng)常運(yun)行、車間(jian)廠區和(he)周(zhou)邊居民的(de)(de)環境衛生、風機葉片(pian)的(de)(de)磨損(sun)和(he)壽命(ming)，同時還涉(she)及有經濟價(jia)值物料的(de)(de)回收(shou)利用(yong)問(wen)題。因此，必須正(zheng)確地(di)(di)設計、選(xuan)擇(ze)與使用(yong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)。選(xuan)擇(ze)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)時必須全面(mian)(mian)考慮一(yi)次(ci)投資(zi)和(he)運(yun)行費用(yong)，如(ru)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率、壓(ya)力損(sun)失、可靠性、一(yi)次(ci)投資(zi)、占地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積、維修管理(li)等因素，根據煙塵(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)理(li)化性質、特點(dian)和(he)生產工藝的(de)(de)要求，針對(dui)性地(di)(di)選(xuan)擇(ze)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)。

1.根據除塵效率(lv)的(de)要求

所選除塵器必須(xu)滿(man)足排放標準的要求。

不(bu)同的除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)具有不(bu)同的除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)。對于運行狀況不(bu)穩定(ding)或波(bo)動較大的除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)系統，要注意煙氣處理量變化對除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)的影(ying)響(xiang)。正常運行時，除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的效(xiao)率(lv)高低排序是：袋式除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、電(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)及文丘(qiu)里除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、水膜旋(xuan)風除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、旋(xuan)風除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣性(xing)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、重力除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)

2.根據氣體(ti)性質

選擇除塵器時(shi)，必須考(kao)慮氣(qi)(qi)體的(de)(de)風量(liang)(liang)、溫(wen)度(du)、成(cheng)分(fen)、濕度(du)等因素。電(dian)除塵器適合(he)于大(da)風量(liang)(liang)、溫(wen)度(du)<400℃的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)凈(jing)(jing)化(hua)；袋(dai)式(shi)除塵器適合(he)于溫(wen)度(du)<260℃的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)凈(jing)(jing)化(hua)，不受煙(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)大(da)小的(de)(de)限制，當溫(wen)度(du)≥260℃時(shi)，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)應(ying)冷卻降溫(wen)后方可使用(yong)袋(dai)式(shi)除塵器；袋(dai)式(shi)除塵器不宜處理(li)高(gao)濕度(du)和(he)含油污的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)凈(jing)(jing)化(hua)；易燃易爆的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)體凈(jing)(jing)化(hua)（如煤氣(qi)(qi)）適合(he)于濕式(shi)除塵器；旋風除塵器的(de)(de)處理(li)風量(liang)(liang)有限，當風量(liang)(liang)較大(da)時(shi)，可采用(yong)多(duo)臺(tai)除塵器并聯的(de)(de)方式(shi)；當需(xu)要同時(shi)除塵和(he)凈(jing)(jing)化(hua)有害氣(qi)(qi)體時(shi)，可考(kao)慮采用(yong)噴淋塔(ta)和(he)旋風水膜除塵器。< p=“”>

3.根據(ju)粉塵性質

粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)(xing)(xing)質包(bao)括比(bi)電(dian)阻(zu)、粒度、真密度、瓢性(xing)(xing)(xing)、憎(zeng)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和水(shui)(shui)硬性(xing)(xing)(xing)、可燃、爆炸(zha)等。比(bi)電(dian)阻(zu)過大或過小的(de)(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)(bu)宜(yi)(yi)采用電(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，袋(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)受粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)比(bi)電(dian)阻(zu)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響；粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)濃度和粒度對(dui)電(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)效率的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響較(jiao)(jiao)為顯(xian)著(zhu)，但對(dui)袋(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響不(bu)(bu)顯(xian)著(zhu)；當氣體的(de)(de)(de)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃度較(jiao)(jiao)高時(shi)，電(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)前宜(yi)(yi)設置(zhi)預(yu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)；袋(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)型(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)、清灰方式(shi)(shi)(shi)和過濾風速取決于粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)質（粒徑、瓢性(xing)(xing)(xing)）；濕式(shi)(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)適合于凈化憎(zeng)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和水(shui)(shui)硬性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)：粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)真密度對(dui)重力除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣性(xing)(xing)(xing)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和旋(xuan)風除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響顯(xian)著(zhu)；對(dui)于新附性(xing)(xing)(xing)大的(de)(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，易導致除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)工作面貓結或堵(du)塞，因此，不(bu)(bu)宜(yi)(yi)采用干(gan)法除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)凈化遇水(shui)(shui)后，能產生(sheng)可燃或有爆炸(zha)危險的(de)(de)(de)混合物時(shi)，不(bu)(bu)得(de)采用濕式(shi)(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。

4.根據壓力損失與能(neng)耗

袋(dai)式除(chu)塵器的阻力比電除(chu)塵器的阻力大，但從除(chu)塵器整體能(neng)耗(hao)來對比，兩者能(neng)耗(hao)相差不(bu)大。

5.根(gen)據設備投資和(he)運行費用

6.節水與防凍(dong)的要求

水資源缺(que)乏的地區(qu)(qu)不適(shi)合(he)采用(yong)濕式除塵器；北方地區(qu)(qu)存在(zai)冬季凍結的問題，盡可(ke)能(neng)不使用(yong)濕式除塵器。

7.粉(fen)塵和氣體回收(shou)利用的要求

粉塵具有回(hui)收(shou)(shou)價值時，宜采用干法除(chu)塵；當粉塵具有很高(gao)的(de)(de)回(hui)收(shou)(shou)價值時，宜采用袋(dai)式除(chu)塵器；當凈(jing)化(hua)后的(de)(de)氣(qi)體需要回(hui)收(shou)(shou)利(li)用或凈(jing)化(hua)后的(de)(de)空氣(qi)需要再循環利(li)用時，宜采用高(gao)效袋(dai)式除(chu)塵器。