濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)以濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)作(zuo)為過(guo)濾(lv)元件所組成或采用脈沖噴(pen)吹的除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)。 濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)按安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)方式(shi)分，可(ke)以分為斜(xie)插式(shi)，側裝(zhuang)(zhuang)式(shi)，吊裝(zhuang)(zhuang)式(shi)，上裝(zhuang)(zhuang)式(shi)。 濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)按濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材料(liao)分，可(ke)以分為長纖維聚酯濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，復(fu)合纖維濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，防靜電(dian)濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，阻燃濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，覆膜濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，納米濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)等。
濾(lv)筒(tong)式除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器早(zao)在20世紀70年代(dai)(dai)就已經在日(ri)本(ben)和(he)歐美一些國家出現，具有(you)(you)體積(ji)(ji)小(xiao)，效(xiao)率(lv)高，投資省(sheng)，易維護(hu)等優點(dian)，但(dan)因(yin)其設(she)備容量(liang)小(xiao)，難組合成大(da)(da)(da)風量(liang)設(she)備，過(guo)濾(lv)風速(su)(su)偏低(di)，應(ying)(ying)用范(fan)圍(wei)窄，僅在糧(liang)食、焊(han)接等行(xing)業應(ying)(ying)用，所以(yi)多(duo)年來未能大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)推廣。近(jin)年來，隨著新(xin)技術、新(xin)材料(liao)不斷地發(fa)(fa)展，以(yi)日(ri)本(ben)，美國的(de)公司為代(dai)(dai)表(biao)，對(dui)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器的(de)結構和(he)濾(lv)料(liao)進(jin)行(xing)了(le)改進(jin)，使得濾(lv)筒(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器廣泛地應(ying)(ying)用于水泥、鋼鐵(tie)、電力、食品、冶金、化工(gong)等工(gong)業領域，整體容量(liang)增加數倍，成為過(guo)濾(lv)面積(ji)(ji)>2000m2大(da)(da)(da)型(xing)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器（GB6719－86類(lei)），是解決傳統(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器對(dui)超細粉(fen)塵(chen)收集難、過(guo)濾(lv)風速(su)(su)高、清灰效(xiao)果差(cha)、濾(lv)袋易磨損(sun)破漏(lou)、運行(xing)成本(ben)高的(de)上(shang)好(hao)方(fang)(fang)案，和(he)市場上(shang)現有(you)(you)各種袋式、靜電除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器相(xiang)比(bi)具有(you)(you)有(you)(you)效(xiao)過(guo)濾(lv)面積(ji)(ji)大(da)(da)(da)、壓差(cha)低(di)、低(di)排放、體積(ji)(ji)小(xiao)、使用壽命長等特點(dian)，成為工(gong)業除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器發(fa)(fa)展的(de)新(xin)方(fang)(fang)向。
濾筒式除塵(chen)器的結構是由進風管、排風管、箱體(ti)、灰(hui)斗、清灰(hui)裝置(zhi)、導流裝置(zhi)、氣(qi)流分流分布(bu)板、濾筒及電控裝置(zhi)組成(cheng)，類(lei)似氣(qi)箱脈沖袋除塵(chen)結構。
濾(lv)筒在除塵(chen)器(qi)中的布置(zhi)很重(zhong)要，既可(ke)以(yi)(yi)垂(chui)(chui)直布置(zhi)在箱體(ti)花板(ban)(ban)上(shang)，也可(ke)以(yi)(yi)傾(qing)斜布置(zhi) 在花板(ban)(ban)上(shang)，從清灰效果看，垂(chui)(chui)直布置(zhi)較為合理。花板(ban)(ban)下部(bu)為過(guo)濾(lv)室(shi)，上(shang)部(bu)為氣(qi)箱脈沖室(shi)。在除塵(chen)器(qi)入口處(chu)裝有氣(qi)流分布板(ban)(ban)。
含塵(chen)(chen)氣體進入除塵(chen)(chen)器灰斗(dou)后，由于氣流斷面突然(ran)擴大(da)及氣流分布板作用，氣流中一部分粗大(da)顆(ke)粒(li)在(zai)動和(he)慣性力作用下(xia)沉降在(zai)灰斗(dou)；粒(li)度細、密度小的(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)進入濾(lv)(lv)塵(chen)(chen)室后，通過布朗擴散和(he)篩濾(lv)(lv)等組合效應，使粉塵(chen)(chen)沉積(ji)在(zai)濾(lv)(lv)料表面上，凈化后的(de)氣體進入凈氣室由排氣管經風機排出。
濾(lv)(lv)筒式除塵(chen)(chen)器的(de)阻力隨濾(lv)(lv)料表面粉塵(chen)(chen)層厚度的(de)增(zeng)加而增(zeng)大。阻力達到某一(yi)(yi)(yi)規定值時(shi)進行(xing)清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)。此時(shi)PLC程序控(kong)制脈沖(chong)閥的(de)啟閉，首先一(yi)(yi)(yi)分室提升閥關閉，將過濾(lv)(lv)氣流(liu)截斷，然后(hou)電(dian)磁脈沖(chong)閥開(kai)(kai)啟，壓(ya)縮空氣以及(ji)短(duan)的(de)時(shi)間在(zai)上箱體內(nei)(nei)迅速(su)膨脹，涌(yong)入(ru)濾(lv)(lv)筒，使濾(lv)(lv)筒膨脹變形產生振動(dong)，并(bing)在(zai)逆向氣流(liu)沖(chong)刷的(de)作用下，附(fu)著在(zai)濾(lv)(lv)袋外表面上的(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)被剝離落(luo)入(ru)灰(hui)斗中。清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)完畢后(hou)，電(dian)磁脈沖(chong)閥關閉，提升閥打(da)開(kai)(kai)，該(gai)室又恢(hui)復(fu)過濾(lv)(lv)狀態(tai)。清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)各室依次進行(xing)，從一(yi)(yi)(yi)室清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)開(kai)(kai)始至下一(yi)(yi)(yi)次清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)開(kai)(kai)始為(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)周(zhou)期。脫落(luo)的(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)掉入(ru)灰(hui)斗內(nei)(nei)通過缷灰(hui)閥排出。
在此過(guo)程中(zhong)必須定(ding)期對濾筒進行更換和清洗，以(yi)確保過(guo)濾效果和精(jing)度，因(yin)為在過(guo)濾過(guo)程中(zhong)粉塵除了被阻(zu)(zu)隔外還有(you)部分會(hui)沉積于濾料表(biao)面(mian)，增大阻(zu)(zu)力，所以(yi)一般的正(zheng)確更換時間是三至五(wu)個(ge)月(yue)！
