旋風除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝置的(de)一類。除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)機理是使含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)氣(qi)流作(zuo)(zuo)旋轉運動(dong)，借助于(yu)離(li)心力(li)將(jiang)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒從氣(qi)流中(zhong)分離(li)并捕集于(yu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)壁，再借助重力(li)作(zuo)(zuo)用使塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒落入灰(hui)斗。旋風除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)各個(ge)部件都有一定的(de)尺寸(cun)(cun)比例，每一個(ge)比例關系的(de)變(bian)動(dong)，都能(neng)影(ying)響旋風除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)和(he)壓(ya)力(li)損失(shi)，其中(zhong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)直徑、進氣(qi)口(kou)尺寸(cun)(cun)、排氣(qi)管直徑為主要影(ying)響因素。在使用時(shi)應注意，當超過某一界限時(shi)，有利(li)因素也能(neng)轉化為不利(li)因素。另外，有的(de)因素對于(yu)提高除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)有利(li)，但卻會增加壓(ya)力(li)損失(shi)，因而對各因素的(de)調(diao)整必須兼顧。、

旋(xuan)風除塵器于1885年開始使用，已發展成為多種形式(shi)。按氣(qi)流進入(ru)方式(shi)，可分為切向(xiang)進入(ru)式(shi)和軸(zhou)向(xiang)進入(ru)式(shi)兩類。在相(xiang)同壓力(li)損(sun)失下(xia)，后者能(neng)處理的(de)氣(qi)體約為前者的(de)3倍(bei)，且氣(qi)流分布均勻。

旋風(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是由進氣(qi)(qi)(qi)管、排氣(qi)(qi)(qi)管、圓筒(tong)體(ti)(ti)、圓錐體(ti)(ti)和灰斗組成。旋風(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)結構(gou)簡單，易于(yu)制造、安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)和維(wei)護管理，設(she)備投資和操作費用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)都較低，已廣泛(fan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)從(cong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流中分(fen)(fen)離固(gu)體(ti)(ti)和液體(ti)(ti)粒子(zi)，或從(cong)液體(ti)(ti)中分(fen)(fen)離固(gu)體(ti)(ti)粒子(zi)。在普通操作條件下(xia)，作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)粒子(zi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)離心力(li)(li)是重力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)5～2500倍，所以旋風(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)效率(lv)顯著高于(yu)重力(li)(li)沉降(jiang)室(shi)。利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)這一個原(yuan)理基礎成功研究出了一款除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)為百分(fen)(fen)之九(jiu)十以上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)旋風(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置。在機械(xie)式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中，旋風(feng)(feng)(feng)式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是效率(lv)較高的(de)(de)(de)一種。它(ta)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)非(fei)黏(nian)性及(ji)非(fei)纖維(wei)性粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)，大多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)來去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)5μm以上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)粒子(zi)，并聯的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)管旋風(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置對(dui)3μm的(de)(de)(de)粒子(zi)也具有(you)80～85%的(de)(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)。選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)耐(nai)高溫(wen)、耐(nai)磨蝕和腐蝕的(de)(de)(de)特(te)種金屬(shu)或陶瓷材料(liao)構(gou)造的(de)(de)(de)旋風(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，可(ke)在溫(wen)度高達1000℃，壓力(li)(li)達500×105Pa的(de)(de)(de)條件下(xia)操作。從(cong)技術、經(jing)濟諸方(fang)面考慮(lv)旋風(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壓力(li)(li)損失(shi)控制范圍(wei)一般為500～2000Pa。因此，它(ta)屬(shu)于(yu)中效除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，且可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)高溫(wen)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)凈化，是應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)一種除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，多(duo)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)鍋爐煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)、多(duo)級除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)及(ji)預除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)。它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)主要缺(que)點是對(dui)細小塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒（<5μm）的(de)(de)(de)去除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)效率(lv)較低。