除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)的(de)(de)工(gong)作好壞(huai)，不僅直接影(ying)響到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)可靠運行(xing)(xing)，還關系(xi)(xi)到生(sheng)產(chan)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)正常運行(xing)(xing)、車間(jian)廠區和周邊居民(min)的(de)(de)環境衛生(sheng)、風機葉片的(de)(de)磨損(sun)和壽(shou)命，同(tong)時(shi)還涉(she)及有經(jing)濟價值物料的(de)(de)回收利用問題(ti)。因(yin)(yin)此，必須正確地(di)設(she)計(ji)、選擇(ze)與使用除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)。選擇(ze)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)時(shi)必須全面考(kao)慮(lv)一(yi)次(ci)投(tou)資和運行(xing)(xing)費用，如除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)效率、壓力損(sun)失、可靠性、一(yi)次(ci)投(tou)資、占地(di)面積、維(wei)修管理等因(yin)(yin)素，根據煙塵(chen)的(de)(de)理化(hua)性質、特點和生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)要求，針對性地(di)選擇(ze)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)。

1.根據除塵(chen)效率的要求

所選除塵器必須滿足排放標(biao)準的要求。

不同的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)具有不同的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率。對(dui)于運行(xing)狀(zhuang)況不穩(wen)定或波動較大(da)的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)系(xi)統，要注意煙氣處(chu)理量變化(hua)對(dui)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率的(de)影響(xiang)。正常運行(xing)時，除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)效(xiao)率高低排序(xu)是：袋式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、電除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及文(wen)丘(qiu)里除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、水膜旋風除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、旋風除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣(guan)性除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、重力(li)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)

2.根據(ju)氣體(ti)性質

選擇除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)時(shi)(shi)，必須考慮氣(qi)(qi)體的(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)、溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)、成分、濕度(du)等因素。電(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)適合(he)(he)于大風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)、溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)<400℃的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)；袋(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)適合(he)(he)于溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)<260℃的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)，不受(shou)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)量(liang)大小的(de)(de)限(xian)制，當溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)≥260℃時(shi)(shi)，煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)應(ying)冷卻降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)后(hou)方可使用(yong)袋(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)；袋(dai)(dai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)不宜處(chu)理高濕度(du)和含油污(wu)的(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)；易(yi)燃(ran)易(yi)爆的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)體凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)（如煤氣(qi)(qi)）適合(he)(he)于濕式(shi)(shi)(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)；旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)處(chu)理風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)有(you)限(xian)，當風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)較大時(shi)(shi)，可采用(yong)多(duo)臺除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)并聯(lian)的(de)(de)方式(shi)(shi)(shi)；當需要同時(shi)(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)和凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)有(you)害氣(qi)(qi)體時(shi)(shi)，可考慮采用(yong)噴淋塔和旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)水膜除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)。< p=“”>

3.根據粉塵性質

粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)質包括比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)、粒度(du)、真密度(du)、瓢性(xing)、憎水(shui)(shui)性(xing)和(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)硬性(xing)、可(ke)燃(ran)、爆炸等。比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過大或過小的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)宜(yi)采用(yong)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)不(bu)受粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)；粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)濃度(du)和(he)(he)粒度(du)對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)效率的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)較(jiao)為顯(xian)(xian)著(zhu)，但對(dui)(dui)袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)不(bu)顯(xian)(xian)著(zhu)；當氣體的(de)(de)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃度(du)較(jiao)高時(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)前宜(yi)設置(zhi)預(yu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝置(zhi)；袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)的(de)(de)型式(shi)、清(qing)灰方(fang)式(shi)和(he)(he)過濾風速(su)取(qu)決(jue)于(yu)(yu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)性(xing)質（粒徑、瓢性(xing)）；濕(shi)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)不(bu)適合于(yu)(yu)凈(jing)化憎水(shui)(shui)性(xing)和(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)硬性(xing)的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)：粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)真密度(du)對(dui)(dui)重力(li)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)、慣性(xing)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)和(he)(he)旋風除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)顯(xian)(xian)著(zhu)；對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)新附性(xing)大的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，易導(dao)致(zhi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)工作面貓結或堵塞，因此，不(bu)宜(yi)采用(yong)干(gan)法(fa)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)凈(jing)化遇水(shui)(shui)后(hou)，能產生可(ke)燃(ran)或有爆炸危險的(de)(de)混合物(wu)時(shi)(shi)，不(bu)得采用(yong)濕(shi)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)。

4.根據壓力損失(shi)與能耗

袋(dai)式除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)的阻(zu)力比電除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)的阻(zu)力大(da)，但從除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)整體能耗來對比，兩者能耗相差不大(da)。

5.根據設備投資和運行費用(yong)

6.節水與防凍的要(yao)求(qiu)

水(shui)資源缺(que)乏的地(di)區(qu)不適合采用(yong)濕式除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器；北方地(di)區(qu)存(cun)在冬季凍結的問題，盡可能不使用(yong)濕式除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器。

7.粉塵(chen)和氣(qi)體回收利用的要求(qiu)

粉塵具(ju)有(you)回(hui)收價(jia)值(zhi)時(shi)，宜采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)干法除塵；當粉塵具(ju)有(you)很高的回(hui)收價(jia)值(zhi)時(shi)，宜采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)袋式除塵器；當凈化后(hou)(hou)的氣體需要回(hui)收利用(yong)(yong)(yong)或凈化后(hou)(hou)的空氣需要再循(xun)環利用(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)，宜采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)高效袋式除塵器。