旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)裝置的(de)(de)一類。除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)機理是(shi)使(shi)含塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)(qi)流(liu)(liu)作(zuo)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)運動，借助(zhu)于離心力(li)將塵(chen)(chen)粒從氣(qi)(qi)流(liu)(liu)中分(fen)離并捕集于器(qi)(qi)壁(bi)，再(zai)借助(zhu)重力(li)作(zuo)用使(shi)塵(chen)(chen)粒落入灰斗。旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)各個部件都有(you)一定的(de)(de)尺寸(cun)比例(li)，每一個比例(li)關系的(de)(de)變動，都能影響旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)效率(lv)和壓力(li)損(sun)失(shi)，其(qi)中除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)直徑、進(jin)氣(qi)(qi)口(kou)尺寸(cun)、排氣(qi)(qi)管直徑為主要影響因(yin)(yin)素(su)。在使(shi)用時應注意，當超(chao)過某(mou)一界限時，有(you)利(li)因(yin)(yin)素(su)也能轉(zhuan)化為不利(li)因(yin)(yin)素(su)。另外，有(you)的(de)(de)因(yin)(yin)素(su)對于提高(gao)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率(lv)有(you)利(li)，但卻會(hui)增(zeng)加壓力(li)損(sun)失(shi)，因(yin)(yin)而對各因(yin)(yin)素(su)的(de)(de)調整必須兼顧。、

旋風除塵器于1885年開始使用，已發(fa)展成為多(duo)種形式。按氣流進入(ru)方式，可分(fen)(fen)為切向進入(ru)式和軸向進入(ru)式兩類。在相同壓力(li)損(sun)失(shi)下，后者能處理的氣體約為前者的3倍，且(qie)氣流分(fen)(fen)布均(jun)勻。

旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)由(you)進氣(qi)(qi)(qi)管、排氣(qi)(qi)(qi)管、圓筒體(ti)、圓錐(zhui)體(ti)和(he)灰斗組成(cheng)。旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)結構簡單，易(yi)于制造(zao)、安(an)裝(zhuang)和(he)維護管理(li)，設備(bei)投資和(he)操作費用(yong)都(dou)較低(di)，已廣泛(fan)用(yong)于從氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流中(zhong)分(fen)離(li)固(gu)(gu)體(ti)和(he)液體(ti)粒子(zi)(zi)，或從液體(ti)中(zhong)分(fen)離(li)固(gu)(gu)體(ti)粒子(zi)(zi)。在(zai)普(pu)通(tong)操作條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)，作用(yong)于粒子(zi)(zi)上的(de)(de)離(li)心力是(shi)(shi)重(zhong)力的(de)(de)5～2500倍，所(suo)以(yi)旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)效率(lv)顯(xian)著高于重(zhong)力沉降室(shi)。利用(yong)這(zhe)一個(ge)原理(li)基礎(chu)成(cheng)功(gong)研究出了一款(kuan)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)為百(bai)分(fen)之九十以(yi)上的(de)(de)旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。在(zai)機械式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)效率(lv)較高的(de)(de)一種(zhong)。它適(shi)用(yong)于非黏(nian)性(xing)及(ji)非纖維性(xing)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)去(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)，大多(duo)用(yong)來去(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)5μm以(yi)上的(de)(de)粒子(zi)(zi)，并聯的(de)(de)多(duo)管旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)對3μm的(de)(de)粒子(zi)(zi)也具(ju)有80～85%的(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)。選用(yong)耐高溫、耐磨蝕(shi)和(he)腐蝕(shi)的(de)(de)特(te)種(zhong)金屬或陶瓷材料構造(zao)的(de)(de)旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，可在(zai)溫度高達1000℃，壓(ya)力達500×105Pa的(de)(de)條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)操作。從技(ji)術、經濟諸方面(mian)考慮(lv)旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)力損(sun)失控制范圍一般為500～2000Pa。因此(ci)，它屬于中(zhong)效除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，且可用(yong)于高溫煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)凈化，是(shi)(shi)應用(yong)廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)一種(zhong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，多(duo)應用(yong)于鍋爐煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)、多(duo)級除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)及(ji)預除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。它的(de)(de)主(zhu)要缺點是(shi)(shi)對細小塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒（<5μm）的(de)(de)去(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)效率(lv)較低(di)。