濾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)以濾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)作為(wei)(wei)過(guo)濾元件所組成或采用脈(mo)沖噴吹的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)。 濾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)按安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)方式分,可以分為(wei)(wei)斜插式,側裝(zhuang)(zhuang)式,吊裝(zhuang)(zhuang)式,上裝(zhuang)(zhuang)式。 濾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)按濾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)材料分,可以分為(wei)(wei)長纖(xian)維聚酯(zhi)濾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi),復(fu)合纖(xian)維濾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi),防(fang)靜(jing)電濾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi),阻(zu)燃濾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi),覆膜濾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi),納米(mi)濾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)等(deng)。
濾(lv)(lv)筒式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)早在20世紀(ji)70年(nian)代就已經(jing)在日本和(he)歐(ou)美(mei)一些國(guo)家出現,具有(you)體積小,效率高,投資省,易(yi)維護等(deng)優(you)點,但因其設備容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)小,難組合成大風(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)設備,過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)風(feng)速偏低(di)(di),應(ying)用(yong)范(fan)圍窄(zhai),僅在糧食(shi)(shi)、焊(han)接(jie)等(deng)行業應(ying)用(yong),所以多年(nian)來未能大量(liang)(liang)(liang)推廣。近年(nian)來,隨著新(xin)技(ji)術、新(xin)材(cai)料(liao)不斷(duan)地發展,以日本,美(mei)國(guo)的(de)(de)公司為(wei)(wei)代表,對(dui)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)結構和(he)濾(lv)(lv)料(liao)進行了改進,使得(de)濾(lv)(lv)筒除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)廣泛地應(ying)用(yong)于水泥、鋼鐵、電力、食(shi)(shi)品、冶金、化工等(deng)工業領域,整體容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)增加(jia)數倍,成為(wei)(wei)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)面(mian)(mian)積>2000m2大型除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(GB6719-86類),是解決傳統除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)超細粉塵(chen)(chen)收集難、過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)風(feng)速高、清灰效果差(cha)、濾(lv)(lv)袋(dai)(dai)易(yi)磨損破漏、運行成本高的(de)(de)上(shang)好方案,和(he)市場(chang)上(shang)現有(you)各種袋(dai)(dai)式(shi)、靜電除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)相比具有(you)有(you)效過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)面(mian)(mian)積大、壓差(cha)低(di)(di)、低(di)(di)排放、體積小、使用(yong)壽命(ming)長(chang)等(deng)特點,成為(wei)(wei)工業除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)發展的(de)(de)新(xin)方向。
濾(lv)筒式(shi)除塵器的結構是由(you)進風(feng)管(guan)、排(pai)風(feng)管(guan)、箱體(ti)、灰(hui)斗、清灰(hui)裝置(zhi)、導流裝置(zhi)、氣流分(fen)流分(fen)布板、濾(lv)筒及電控裝置(zhi)組成,類似氣箱脈沖袋除塵結構。
濾筒在除(chu)塵器中的布置很重要,既可以垂直(zhi)布置在箱(xiang)體花板上(shang),也可以傾斜布置 在花板上(shang),從清灰效果看,垂直(zhi)布置較為(wei)(wei)合理。花板下(xia)部為(wei)(wei)過濾室,上(shang)部為(wei)(wei)氣(qi)箱(xiang)脈沖室。在除(chu)塵器入(ru)口處(chu)裝有氣(qi)流分布板。
含(han)塵氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)進(jin)入除塵器灰(hui)斗(dou)后,由(you)于氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)斷面突(tu)然擴大及氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)分布(bu)板作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong),氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)中一(yi)部分粗大顆粒(li)在(zai)動和慣性(xing)力作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)沉降在(zai)灰(hui)斗(dou);粒(li)度細、密度小的塵粒(li)進(jin)入濾(lv)塵室(shi)(shi)后,通過(guo)布(bu)朗擴散和篩濾(lv)等組合(he)效應(ying),使(shi)粉塵沉積在(zai)濾(lv)料表面上,凈(jing)化后的氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)進(jin)入凈(jing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)室(shi)(shi)由(you)排氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管經風機排出。
濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)式除塵器的(de)阻(zu)力隨(sui)濾(lv)料(liao)表面(mian)(mian)粉塵層厚度(du)的(de)增加而增大。阻(zu)力達到某一(yi)規定(ding)值時(shi)進(jin)(jin)行清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)。此時(shi)PLC程序控制脈(mo)沖(chong)閥(fa)的(de)啟閉(bi)(bi),首先(xian)一(yi)分(fen)室(shi)提(ti)(ti)升閥(fa)關閉(bi)(bi),將過(guo)濾(lv)氣(qi)流截斷,然后電(dian)磁(ci)脈(mo)沖(chong)閥(fa)開啟,壓縮空(kong)氣(qi)以及短的(de)時(shi)間(jian)在(zai)上(shang)箱體內迅速膨脹(zhang),涌入(ru)濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong),使濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)膨脹(zhang)變形產(chan)生(sheng)振動(dong),并在(zai)逆向(xiang)氣(qi)流沖(chong)刷的(de)作用(yong)下(xia),附著在(zai)濾(lv)袋(dai)外表面(mian)(mian)上(shang)的(de)粉塵被剝(bo)離(li)落(luo)入(ru)灰(hui)(hui)斗中。清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)完畢后,電(dian)磁(ci)脈(mo)沖(chong)閥(fa)關閉(bi)(bi),提(ti)(ti)升閥(fa)打開,該室(shi)又恢復過(guo)濾(lv)狀態。清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)各室(shi)依(yi)次進(jin)(jin)行,從一(yi)室(shi)清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)開始(shi)至下(xia)一(yi)次清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)開始(shi)為一(yi)個清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)周期。脫落(luo)的(de)粉塵掉入(ru)灰(hui)(hui)斗內通(tong)過(guo)缷灰(hui)(hui)閥(fa)排(pai)出。
在此(ci)過程(cheng)中必(bi)須定期(qi)對(dui)濾筒進行更換(huan)和(he)清洗,以(yi)(yi)確(que)保過濾效果(guo)和(he)精度,因(yin)為在過濾過程(cheng)中粉(fen)塵除了被(bei)阻隔外還(huan)有部分(fen)會沉積于濾料表面,增大(da)阻力,所以(yi)(yi)一(yi)般的(de)正確(que)更換(huan)時間(jian)是三至(zhi)五個(ge)月!