除塵(chen)器的(de)(de)(de)工作好壞，不僅直接影響(xiang)到(dao)除塵(chen)系統的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)靠運行，還(huan)關系到(dao)生產(chan)系統的(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)常運行、車間廠區和周邊居民(min)的(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)衛生、風機(ji)葉(xie)片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)損和壽(shou)命，同時(shi)還(huan)涉及有經濟價(jia)值物(wu)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)回收利用(yong)問題。因(yin)此，必(bi)須(xu)正(zheng)確地設計(ji)、選擇(ze)與使用(yong)除塵(chen)器。選擇(ze)除塵(chen)器時(shi)必(bi)須(xu)全(quan)面考慮(lv)一(yi)次(ci)投資和運行費用(yong)，如除塵(chen)效(xiao)率(lv)、壓(ya)力損失、可(ke)靠性(xing)、一(yi)次(ci)投資、占(zhan)地面積、維修管理等因(yin)素，根據(ju)煙塵(chen)的(de)(de)(de)理化(hua)性(xing)質、特點和生產(chan)工藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)要求，針對性(xing)地選擇(ze)除塵(chen)器。

1.根據除塵效率的要求

所選(xuan)除塵器必須滿足(zu)排放(fang)標準的要求。

不同(tong)的(de)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器具有不同(tong)的(de)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)。對于運行(xing)狀況不穩(wen)定(ding)或波動較大的(de)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)系統，要注意煙氣處(chu)理量(liang)變化(hua)對除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)的(de)影(ying)響。正(zheng)常運行(xing)時，除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器的(de)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)高低排(pai)序(xu)是：袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器、電除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器及(ji)文(wen)丘里(li)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器、水(shui)膜旋風除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器、旋風除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器、慣性除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器、重(zhong)力除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器

2.根據氣體性(xing)質

選(xuan)擇(ze)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)時(shi)，必須(xu)考慮(lv)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)的(de)風(feng)(feng)量、溫度(du)、成分、濕(shi)度(du)等因(yin)素。電除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)適合(he)于大(da)風(feng)(feng)量、溫度(du)<400℃的(de)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)；袋式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)適合(he)于溫度(du)<260℃的(de)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)，不受煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)量大(da)小的(de)限(xian)制，當(dang)溫度(du)≥260℃時(shi)，煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)應冷(leng)卻降溫后方(fang)(fang)可(ke)(ke)(ke)使(shi)用袋式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)；袋式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)不宜處(chu)理高濕(shi)度(du)和含(han)油(you)污的(de)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)；易燃(ran)易爆的(de)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)（如煤(mei)氣(qi)(qi)）適合(he)于濕(shi)式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)；旋(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)的(de)處(chu)理風(feng)(feng)量有限(xian)，當(dang)風(feng)(feng)量較大(da)時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)采用多臺除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)并(bing)聯的(de)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)；當(dang)需(xu)要同時(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)和凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)有害氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)考慮(lv)采用噴淋塔和旋(xuan)(xuan)風(feng)(feng)水膜除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)。< p=“”>

3.根據粉塵性質

粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)(xing)質包括比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻、粒度(du)(du)、真密(mi)度(du)(du)、瓢性(xing)(xing)、憎水性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)水硬(ying)性(xing)(xing)、可燃、爆(bao)炸(zha)等(deng)。比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過大(da)或(huo)(huo)過小的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)宜采用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)受粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)；粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)濃度(du)(du)和(he)(he)粒度(du)(du)對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)效率的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)較(jiao)為顯著，但對(dui)(dui)袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)不(bu)顯著；當(dang)氣體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃度(du)(du)較(jiao)高時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前宜設置預除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝置；袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)型式(shi)、清灰方式(shi)和(he)(he)過濾風速取決于(yu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)質（粒徑、瓢性(xing)(xing)）；濕(shi)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)適合于(yu)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)憎水性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)水硬(ying)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)：粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)真密(mi)度(du)(du)對(dui)(dui)重力除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣性(xing)(xing)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)旋風除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)顯著；對(dui)(dui)于(yu)新附性(xing)(xing)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，易導致除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工作面(mian)貓結(jie)或(huo)(huo)堵(du)塞(sai)，因此，不(bu)宜采用(yong)干法除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；粉(fen)(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)遇水后，能產生可燃或(huo)(huo)有(you)爆(bao)炸(zha)危險的(de)(de)(de)混(hun)合物(wu)時(shi)，不(bu)得(de)采用(yong)濕(shi)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。

4.根據(ju)壓力損失(shi)與能耗

袋(dai)式除(chu)塵器的(de)阻(zu)力比電除(chu)塵器的(de)阻(zu)力大，但從(cong)除(chu)塵器整體(ti)能耗(hao)來對(dui)比，兩(liang)者能耗(hao)相(xiang)差不(bu)大。

5.根據設備投資和運(yun)行(xing)費用

6.節水與防凍(dong)的要求

水(shui)資源缺乏的(de)地(di)區(qu)(qu)不適合采(cai)用(yong)濕(shi)式(shi)除塵器；北方(fang)地(di)區(qu)(qu)存在冬季凍結的(de)問題，盡可能不使用(yong)濕(shi)式(shi)除塵器。

7.粉塵和氣體回收利(li)用的要求

粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)具有回收(shou)(shou)價值時(shi)，宜采用(yong)干法除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)；當(dang)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)具有很(hen)高的(de)(de)回收(shou)(shou)價值時(shi)，宜采用(yong)袋式除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)；當(dang)凈化(hua)后(hou)的(de)(de)氣體需要(yao)(yao)回收(shou)(shou)利(li)用(yong)或(huo)凈化(hua)后(hou)的(de)(de)空氣需要(yao)(yao)再循環利(li)用(yong)時(shi)，宜采用(yong)高效(xiao)袋式除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)。