除(chu)塵(chen)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)好壞(huai)，不僅直接影(ying)響到除(chu)塵(chen)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可靠運行(xing)，還關系到生(sheng)產系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正常運行(xing)、車間廠區和周邊居民的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境衛(wei)生(sheng)、風機葉片的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨損和壽命，同(tong)時還涉及有經濟價值物料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回收利用問題(ti)。因此，必須正確地(di)設計、選(xuan)擇(ze)與(yu)使用除(chu)塵(chen)器。選(xuan)擇(ze)除(chu)塵(chen)器時必須全面(mian)考慮一(yi)次(ci)投資和運行(xing)費用，如(ru)除(chu)塵(chen)效(xiao)率、壓力(li)損失、可靠性、一(yi)次(ci)投資、占地(di)面(mian)積、維修管理(li)等因素，根據(ju)煙(yan)塵(chen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)化性質(zhi)、特點和生(sheng)產工藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求，針對性地(di)選(xuan)擇(ze)除(chu)塵(chen)器。

1.根據除(chu)塵效率的要求(qiu)

所選除塵器必須滿足排(pai)放標(biao)準的要求。

不同(tong)的(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)具有不同(tong)的(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)。對于(yu)運(yun)行(xing)狀況不穩定或波動較(jiao)大的(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)系統，要注意煙氣處(chu)理量變化對除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)的(de)(de)影(ying)響。正常運(yun)行(xing)時，除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)的(de)(de)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)高(gao)低(di)排序是：袋式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)、電(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)及文丘里(li)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)、水膜旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)、旋風(feng)(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)、慣性除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)、重力除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)

2.根據氣體性質(zhi)

選擇除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器時(shi)，必(bi)須考慮氣(qi)體的(de)風(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)、溫度(du)、成分、濕度(du)等因(yin)素。電除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器適(shi)(shi)(shi)合于(yu)大風(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)、溫度(du)<400℃的(de)煙氣(qi)凈(jing)(jing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)；袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器適(shi)(shi)(shi)合于(yu)溫度(du)<260℃的(de)煙氣(qi)凈(jing)(jing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，不受煙氣(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大小的(de)限制，當溫度(du)≥260℃時(shi)，煙氣(qi)應冷卻降(jiang)溫后方(fang)可使用袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器；袋式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器不宜處(chu)理高濕度(du)和含油污的(de)煙氣(qi)凈(jing)(jing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)；易燃易爆的(de)氣(qi)體凈(jing)(jing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)（如煤氣(qi)）適(shi)(shi)(shi)合于(yu)濕式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器；旋風(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器的(de)處(chu)理風(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)有限，當風(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)較大時(shi)，可采用多(duo)臺除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器并聯(lian)的(de)方(fang)式(shi)；當需要同(tong)時(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)和凈(jing)(jing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)有害(hai)氣(qi)體時(shi)，可考慮采用噴淋塔(ta)和旋風(feng)水膜除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器。< p=“”>

3.根據粉塵性質

粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)包括比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)、粒度(du)(du)(du)、真密度(du)(du)(du)、瓢性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、憎水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)水(shui)硬性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、可燃(ran)、爆炸等。比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)過(guo)大或過(guo)小的(de)(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)(bu)宜采(cai)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，袋(dai)(dai)式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)受粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)；粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)濃度(du)(du)(du)和(he)粒度(du)(du)(du)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)效率的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)較為(wei)顯著(zhu)，但對(dui)袋(dai)(dai)式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)不(bu)(bu)顯著(zhu)；當氣體的(de)(de)(de)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃度(du)(du)(du)較高時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前宜設置(zhi)預除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝置(zhi)；袋(dai)(dai)式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)型式、清灰方(fang)式和(he)過(guo)濾風(feng)速(su)取決于(yu)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)（粒徑(jing)、瓢性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)）；濕式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)適合于(yu)凈化憎水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)水(shui)硬性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)：粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)真密度(du)(du)(du)對(dui)重力(li)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣(guan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)旋風(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)顯著(zhu)；對(dui)于(yu)新附性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)大的(de)(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，易(yi)導(dao)致除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工作面貓結(jie)或堵塞，因(yin)此(ci)，不(bu)(bu)宜采(cai)用(yong)(yong)干法除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)凈化遇水(shui)后(hou)，能產生可燃(ran)或有(you)爆炸危險的(de)(de)(de)混合物時，不(bu)(bu)得采(cai)用(yong)(yong)濕式除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。

4.根據壓力損失與(yu)能耗

袋式除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)的(de)阻(zu)力(li)比(bi)電除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)的(de)阻(zu)力(li)大，但從除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)整(zheng)體能(neng)耗(hao)來對(dui)比(bi)，兩者能(neng)耗(hao)相(xiang)差(cha)不大。

5.根據(ju)設(she)備投(tou)資和運行費用

6.節水(shui)與防凍的(de)要求

水資(zi)源缺乏的地區不適合采(cai)用(yong)濕式(shi)除塵器；北方地區存在冬季(ji)凍結的問題，盡可能不使用(yong)濕式(shi)除塵器。

7.粉(fen)塵(chen)和氣體回收利(li)用的要求

粉塵(chen)具有回(hui)收(shou)價值時(shi)(shi)，宜采用干法除(chu)塵(chen)；當粉塵(chen)具有很高(gao)的回(hui)收(shou)價值時(shi)(shi)，宜采用袋式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)器；當凈化后的氣體需(xu)要(yao)回(hui)收(shou)利用或(huo)凈化后的空氣需(xu)要(yao)再循環利用時(shi)(shi)，宜采用高(gao)效袋式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)器。