濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)以濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)作為過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)元件所組(zu)成或采用脈沖噴吹的除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)。 濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)按安裝(zhuang)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)分，可以分為斜插式(shi)(shi)(shi)，側裝(zhuang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)，吊裝(zhuang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)，上裝(zhuang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)。 濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)按濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材料(liao)分，可以分為長(chang)纖維聚(ju)酯濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，復合(he)纖維濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，防靜電濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，阻燃(ran)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，覆(fu)膜(mo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，納米(mi)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)等。
濾筒(tong)式(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)早(zao)在20世紀70年(nian)代就已經在日本(ben)和(he)(he)歐美一些國(guo)家出現(xian)，具(ju)有(you)(you)體(ti)(ti)積(ji)(ji)小，效(xiao)率高(gao)，投資省，易維護等優點(dian)，但(dan)因其設備容(rong)量(liang)小，難組合成(cheng)大風量(liang)設備，過濾風速(su)偏低，應(ying)(ying)用范圍(wei)窄，僅在糧食、焊接(jie)等行(xing)業應(ying)(ying)用，所以(yi)多年(nian)來(lai)(lai)未能大量(liang)推廣。近年(nian)來(lai)(lai)，隨(sui)著新(xin)技術、新(xin)材料不(bu)斷(duan)地發展(zhan)，以(yi)日本(ben)，美國(guo)的(de)公司為(wei)代表，對(dui)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)的(de)結構和(he)(he)濾料進行(xing)了改進，使得濾筒(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)廣泛地應(ying)(ying)用于水泥、鋼鐵、電(dian)力、食品、冶金、化工等工業領域，整體(ti)(ti)容(rong)量(liang)增加數(shu)倍，成(cheng)為(wei)過濾面積(ji)(ji)>2000m2大型除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)（GB6719－86類(lei)），是解(jie)決傳統除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)對(dui)超細粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)收集難、過濾風速(su)高(gao)、清(qing)灰效(xiao)果差(cha)、濾袋易磨損破(po)漏(lou)、運行(xing)成(cheng)本(ben)高(gao)的(de)上好方案，和(he)(he)市場(chang)上現(xian)有(you)(you)各種袋式(shi)、靜電(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)相比具(ju)有(you)(you)有(you)(you)效(xiao)過濾面積(ji)(ji)大、壓(ya)差(cha)低、低排放、體(ti)(ti)積(ji)(ji)小、使用壽命(ming)長(chang)等特點(dian)，成(cheng)為(wei)工業除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)發展(zhan)的(de)新(xin)方向。
濾(lv)筒(tong)式除(chu)塵器的結構是由進風(feng)(feng)管、排風(feng)(feng)管、箱體、灰(hui)斗、清(qing)灰(hui)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)、導流裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)、氣流分流分布板、濾(lv)筒(tong)及電控裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)組成，類似氣箱脈(mo)沖袋除(chu)塵結構。
濾(lv)筒(tong)在除塵器中的布(bu)(bu)置很重(zhong)要，既(ji)可以垂(chui)直布(bu)(bu)置在箱體花(hua)板(ban)(ban)上，也可以傾斜布(bu)(bu)置 在花(hua)板(ban)(ban)上，從清灰(hui)效果看，垂(chui)直布(bu)(bu)置較(jiao)為合理。花(hua)板(ban)(ban)下部為過濾(lv)室，上部為氣(qi)箱脈沖(chong)室。在除塵器入(ru)口處裝有氣(qi)流分布(bu)(bu)板(ban)(ban)。
含塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體進入(ru)除塵(chen)(chen)器灰斗后，由于氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流斷面(mian)突然擴大及氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流分布板(ban)作用，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流中(zhong)一部分粗大顆(ke)粒(li)在(zai)動和(he)慣性力作用下沉(chen)降(jiang)在(zai)灰斗；粒(li)度細、密度小的塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)進入(ru)濾塵(chen)(chen)室(shi)后，通過(guo)布朗擴散(san)和(he)篩濾等組(zu)合效(xiao)應(ying)，使(shi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)沉(chen)積(ji)在(zai)濾料表面(mian)上，凈化后的氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體進入(ru)凈氣(qi)(qi)(qi)室(shi)由排氣(qi)(qi)(qi)管經風機排出。
濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)式除塵器的(de)(de)阻力隨濾(lv)料表面粉(fen)(fen)塵層(ceng)厚度的(de)(de)增加(jia)而增大。阻力達到某一(yi)(yi)規定值(zhi)時進(jin)行清灰(hui)(hui)。此時PLC程序控制脈沖(chong)閥(fa)的(de)(de)啟閉(bi)，首先一(yi)(yi)分室提(ti)升閥(fa)關閉(bi)，將過(guo)濾(lv)氣(qi)流截斷(duan)，然(ran)后電(dian)磁脈沖(chong)閥(fa)開(kai)啟，壓縮(suo)空氣(qi)以及短的(de)(de)時間在(zai)上箱體內迅速膨脹(zhang)，涌入(ru)(ru)濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)，使濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)膨脹(zhang)變形產生振動，并(bing)在(zai)逆向氣(qi)流沖(chong)刷(shua)的(de)(de)作用下，附著在(zai)濾(lv)袋(dai)外表面上的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵被剝離落入(ru)(ru)灰(hui)(hui)斗(dou)中。清灰(hui)(hui)完(wan)畢后，電(dian)磁脈沖(chong)閥(fa)關閉(bi)，提(ti)升閥(fa)打開(kai)，該室又(you)恢復過(guo)濾(lv)狀態(tai)。清灰(hui)(hui)各室依次進(jin)行，從一(yi)(yi)室清灰(hui)(hui)開(kai)始至(zhi)下一(yi)(yi)次清灰(hui)(hui)開(kai)始為一(yi)(yi)個清灰(hui)(hui)周期。脫落的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵掉入(ru)(ru)灰(hui)(hui)斗(dou)內通過(guo)缷灰(hui)(hui)閥(fa)排出。
在此過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)必須定期對濾(lv)筒進(jin)行更換(huan)和(he)清洗，以確(que)保過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)效果和(he)精度，因為在過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)粉(fen)塵除了被(bei)阻(zu)隔外還有部分會沉(chen)積于濾(lv)料表面，增大阻(zu)力，所以一般的正確(que)更換(huan)時間是三至(zhi)五個月(yue)！
