除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)的工作(zuo)好壞，不僅直接影響到(dao)除(chu)塵(chen)系(xi)統(tong)的可(ke)靠(kao)運(yun)行，還(huan)關系(xi)到(dao)生產(chan)系(xi)統(tong)的正(zheng)常(chang)運(yun)行、車(che)間廠區和(he)(he)周邊居民(min)的環境衛(wei)生、風機葉片的磨(mo)損(sun)和(he)(he)壽命(ming)，同時還(huan)涉及有(you)經(jing)濟價值物料的回收利用(yong)問題。因(yin)此(ci)，必(bi)須正(zheng)確地設(she)計、選擇(ze)與使用(yong)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)。選擇(ze)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)時必(bi)須全面(mian)(mian)考慮一(yi)次投資和(he)(he)運(yun)行費用(yong)，如(ru)除(chu)塵(chen)效(xiao)率、壓力損(sun)失(shi)、可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)(xing)、一(yi)次投資、占(zhan)地面(mian)(mian)積、維(wei)修管理(li)等因(yin)素，根據煙塵(chen)的理(li)化性(xing)(xing)質、特點和(he)(he)生產(chan)工藝的要求(qiu)，針(zhen)對性(xing)(xing)地選擇(ze)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)。

1.根據除塵(chen)效率的要求

所選除塵(chen)器必(bi)須滿足排放標準的要求。

不同的(de)(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)具有不同的(de)(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)(xiao)率。對于運(yun)行(xing)(xing)狀況不穩(wen)定(ding)或波動較大的(de)(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)系統，要注意煙氣(qi)處(chu)理量變化對除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)(xiao)率的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)。正常(chang)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)時(shi)，除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)(xiao)率高(gao)低排序是(shi)：袋式除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、電(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)及文(wen)丘(qiu)里(li)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、水膜(mo)旋(xuan)(xuan)風除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、旋(xuan)(xuan)風除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣性除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、重力(li)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)

2.根據氣體性質(zhi)

選擇除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器時(shi)，必須考(kao)慮(lv)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)的(de)風(feng)量(liang)、溫(wen)度(du)(du)、成分、濕度(du)(du)等因素。電(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器適合于大(da)風(feng)量(liang)、溫(wen)度(du)(du)<400℃的(de)煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)凈(jing)化；袋式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器適合于溫(wen)度(du)(du)<260℃的(de)煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)凈(jing)化，不(bu)受煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)大(da)小的(de)限(xian)制，當溫(wen)度(du)(du)≥260℃時(shi)，煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)應冷卻降溫(wen)后方(fang)可(ke)(ke)使用(yong)袋式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器；袋式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器不(bu)宜處(chu)(chu)理(li)高濕度(du)(du)和(he)含(han)油污的(de)煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)凈(jing)化；易燃易爆的(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)凈(jing)化（如煤(mei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)）適合于濕式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器；旋(xuan)風(feng)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器的(de)處(chu)(chu)理(li)風(feng)量(liang)有(you)限(xian)，當風(feng)量(liang)較(jiao)大(da)時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)采用(yong)多(duo)臺除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器并聯的(de)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)；當需要同時(shi)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)和(he)凈(jing)化有(you)害(hai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)考(kao)慮(lv)采用(yong)噴淋塔和(he)旋(xuan)風(feng)水膜(mo)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器。< p=“”>

3.根據粉塵(chen)性質(zhi)

粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)(xing)質包(bao)括(kuo)比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)、粒(li)度(du)(du)、真密度(du)(du)、瓢(piao)性(xing)(xing)、憎水(shui)性(xing)(xing)和水(shui)硬性(xing)(xing)、可燃(ran)、爆炸等。比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過大(da)或(huo)過小的(de)(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)宜采用(yong)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，袋式(shi)(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)不(bu)受粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響；粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)濃(nong)度(du)(du)和粒(li)度(du)(du)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)效率的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響較為顯(xian)著，但對(dui)袋式(shi)(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響不(bu)顯(xian)著；當(dang)氣體的(de)(de)(de)(de)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃(nong)度(du)(du)較高(gao)時，電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)前宜設置預除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)置；袋式(shi)(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)型式(shi)(shi)(shi)、清灰方式(shi)(shi)(shi)和過濾風速取決于(yu)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)質（粒(li)徑、瓢(piao)性(xing)(xing)）；濕(shi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)不(bu)適(shi)合(he)于(yu)凈化(hua)憎水(shui)性(xing)(xing)和水(shui)硬性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)：粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)真密度(du)(du)對(dui)重力除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)、慣性(xing)(xing)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)和旋風除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響顯(xian)著；對(dui)于(yu)新附性(xing)(xing)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，易導致除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)工作面貓結或(huo)堵(du)塞，因(yin)此，不(bu)宜采用(yong)干法除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)凈化(hua)遇水(shui)后，能產生可燃(ran)或(huo)有(you)爆炸危險的(de)(de)(de)(de)混合(he)物時，不(bu)得(de)采用(yong)濕(shi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)。

4.根據壓力損失(shi)與(yu)能耗

袋式除塵器的(de)阻力(li)比(bi)電(dian)除塵器的(de)阻力(li)大，但從除塵器整體能(neng)耗(hao)來對(dui)比(bi)，兩者能(neng)耗(hao)相差不大。

5.根據設備投資和運行費用

6.節水與(yu)防凍的要求

水資源(yuan)缺乏(fa)的地區不適合采用(yong)濕式除塵器；北方(fang)地區存在冬季凍結的問(wen)題，盡可能(neng)不使用(yong)濕式除塵器。

7.粉塵和氣體(ti)回收利(li)用(yong)的要求

粉塵具有回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)價值時(shi)，宜采用(yong)(yong)干(gan)法除(chu)塵；當(dang)粉塵具有很高的回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)價值時(shi)，宜采用(yong)(yong)袋式(shi)除(chu)塵器；當(dang)凈化(hua)后(hou)的氣(qi)(qi)體需要回(hui)(hui)收(shou)(shou)利(li)用(yong)(yong)或凈化(hua)后(hou)的空氣(qi)(qi)需要再(zai)循(xun)環利(li)用(yong)(yong)時(shi)，宜采用(yong)(yong)高效(xiao)袋式(shi)除(chu)塵器。