除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器的工作好壞，不僅直接影響到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)系統(tong)的可(ke)靠運(yun)行(xing)，還關系到生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)系統(tong)的正常運(yun)行(xing)、車間廠區和(he)(he)周邊居民(min)的環境衛生(sheng)、風機葉片的磨(mo)損和(he)(he)壽命(ming)，同時還涉(she)及有經濟價值物料的回收利用(yong)問題。因(yin)此，必須(xu)正確地設(she)計、選(xuan)擇(ze)與(yu)使用(yong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器。選(xuan)擇(ze)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器時必須(xu)全(quan)面(mian)考慮一次投資(zi)和(he)(he)運(yun)行(xing)費用(yong)，如除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率、壓力損失、可(ke)靠性(xing)(xing)、一次投資(zi)、占地面(mian)積、維修管理(li)(li)等因(yin)素，根據煙塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的理(li)(li)化性(xing)(xing)質(zhi)、特(te)點和(he)(he)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工藝(yi)的要求，針對性(xing)(xing)地選(xuan)擇(ze)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器。

1.根據除塵效率的要(yao)求

所選除塵器必須滿足排(pai)放標準的(de)要(yao)求。

不(bu)同的(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)具有不(bu)同的(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)效(xiao)率。對于運行狀況不(bu)穩定或波動較大(da)的(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)系統，要注(zhu)意煙氣(qi)處理量變化對除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)效(xiao)率的(de)(de)影響。正(zheng)常運行時，除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)效(xiao)率高低排(pai)序是：袋式除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、電除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及文(wen)丘里除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、水(shui)膜旋風除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、旋風除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣性除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、重力除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)

2.根據(ju)氣體性質

選擇除(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)時，必須考慮氣(qi)體(ti)的(de)(de)風(feng)量、溫(wen)度(du)(du)、成分、濕度(du)(du)等因素。電(dian)除(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)適合(he)于(yu)(yu)大(da)風(feng)量、溫(wen)度(du)(du)<400℃的(de)(de)煙(yan)氣(qi)凈(jing)(jing)化；袋(dai)式除(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)適合(he)于(yu)(yu)溫(wen)度(du)(du)<260℃的(de)(de)煙(yan)氣(qi)凈(jing)(jing)化，不受煙(yan)氣(qi)量大(da)小的(de)(de)限(xian)制，當(dang)(dang)溫(wen)度(du)(du)≥260℃時，煙(yan)氣(qi)應冷卻降溫(wen)后方(fang)可(ke)使用(yong)袋(dai)式除(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)；袋(dai)式除(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)不宜處理(li)高濕度(du)(du)和(he)含油污的(de)(de)煙(yan)氣(qi)凈(jing)(jing)化；易(yi)燃(ran)易(yi)爆的(de)(de)氣(qi)體(ti)凈(jing)(jing)化（如煤氣(qi)）適合(he)于(yu)(yu)濕式除(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)；旋(xuan)風(feng)除(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)處理(li)風(feng)量有限(xian)，當(dang)(dang)風(feng)量較大(da)時，可(ke)采用(yong)多臺除(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)并聯(lian)的(de)(de)方(fang)式；當(dang)(dang)需要同時除(chu)塵和(he)凈(jing)(jing)化有害氣(qi)體(ti)時，可(ke)考慮采用(yong)噴淋塔和(he)旋(xuan)風(feng)水(shui)膜除(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)。< p=“”>

3.根(gen)據(ju)粉(fen)塵性(xing)質

粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)(xing)質包括比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)、粒度(du)、真密度(du)、瓢性(xing)(xing)、憎(zeng)(zeng)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)和水(shui)硬性(xing)(xing)、可燃(ran)、爆炸等。比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過(guo)大或過(guo)小的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)宜(yi)(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，袋式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)受(shou)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)比電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)的(de)(de)(de)影響；粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)濃度(du)和粒度(du)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)效率的(de)(de)(de)影響較為(wei)顯著，但對(dui)袋式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)影響不(bu)(bu)(bu)顯著；當氣體的(de)(de)(de)含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃度(du)較高時，電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前宜(yi)(yi)設置(zhi)預除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)；袋式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)型式(shi)(shi)、清灰方式(shi)(shi)和過(guo)濾風(feng)速取決于粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)質（粒徑、瓢性(xing)(xing)）；濕(shi)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)適(shi)合(he)于凈化憎(zeng)(zeng)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)和水(shui)硬性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)：粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)真密度(du)對(dui)重(zhong)力(li)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、慣性(xing)(xing)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和旋風(feng)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)影響顯著；對(dui)于新附性(xing)(xing)大的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，易導致(zhi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)作面貓結或堵(du)塞(sai)，因此(ci)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)宜(yi)(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)干法(fa)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)；粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)凈化遇水(shui)后，能產(chan)生可燃(ran)或有爆炸危險的(de)(de)(de)混合(he)物(wu)時，不(bu)(bu)(bu)得采(cai)用(yong)(yong)濕(shi)式(shi)(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。

4.根據(ju)壓力(li)損(sun)失與能耗

袋式除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)的阻(zu)力比電除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)的阻(zu)力大(da)，但(dan)從除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)整體能(neng)耗(hao)來對比，兩(liang)者能(neng)耗(hao)相(xiang)差不大(da)。

5.根據設(she)備投(tou)資和(he)運(yun)行費用(yong)

6.節水與防凍的要(yao)求

水資源(yuan)缺乏的地區不適合(he)采用濕(shi)式除塵(chen)器(qi)；北(bei)方地區存(cun)在冬季凍結(jie)的問題(ti)，盡可能(neng)不使用濕(shi)式除塵(chen)器(qi)。

7.粉塵和氣(qi)體回(hui)收利用的要求

粉塵(chen)(chen)具(ju)有回收價值(zhi)時(shi)，宜(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)干法除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)；當粉塵(chen)(chen)具(ju)有很高的回收價值(zhi)時(shi)，宜(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)袋式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器；當凈化后(hou)的氣(qi)體需要回收利用(yong)(yong)或(huo)凈化后(hou)的空氣(qi)需要再循環利用(yong)(yong)時(shi)，宜(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)高效袋式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器。