濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)以(yi)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)作為過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)元(yuan)件所(suo)組成或采用(yong)脈沖(chong)噴吹的除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)。 濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)按安裝方式(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen)，可以(yi)分(fen)為斜插式(shi)(shi)(shi)，側裝式(shi)(shi)(shi)，吊裝式(shi)(shi)(shi)，上裝式(shi)(shi)(shi)。 濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)按濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材(cai)料分(fen)，可以(yi)分(fen)為長(chang)纖維聚酯濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，復合纖維濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，防(fang)靜(jing)電濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，阻(zu)燃濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，覆膜濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，納米濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)等。
濾(lv)筒式(shi)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)早在20世紀70年代(dai)就已(yi)經在日本和歐美一些國(guo)家出現，具有體(ti)積小(xiao)，效(xiao)率(lv)高(gao)(gao)，投資省，易維護等(deng)優點，但因其設備(bei)容(rong)量(liang)小(xiao)，難(nan)組合(he)成大風(feng)量(liang)設備(bei)，過濾(lv)風(feng)速偏低(di)，應用(yong)范圍窄，僅(jin)在糧食(shi)、焊接等(deng)行業(ye)應用(yong)，所(suo)以多年來(lai)(lai)未能(neng)大量(liang)推廣(guang)。近年來(lai)(lai)，隨著(zhu)新技術、新材料不斷地(di)發(fa)展，以日本，美國(guo)的(de)(de)公司為代(dai)表，對除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)結構和濾(lv)料進行了改進，使得濾(lv)筒除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)廣(guang)泛地(di)應用(yong)于水(shui)泥(ni)、鋼鐵、電力、食(shi)品、冶金、化(hua)工等(deng)工業(ye)領域，整(zheng)體(ti)容(rong)量(liang)增加(jia)數倍，成為過濾(lv)面積>2000m2大型除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)（GB6719－86類），是(shi)解決傳統除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)對超細粉塵(chen)收集難(nan)、過濾(lv)風(feng)速高(gao)(gao)、清灰效(xiao)果差、濾(lv)袋易磨損破(po)漏、運行成本高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)上好方案(an)，和市場上現有各種(zhong)袋式(shi)、靜(jing)電除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)相比(bi)具有有效(xiao)過濾(lv)面積大、壓(ya)差低(di)、低(di)排(pai)放、體(ti)積小(xiao)、使用(yong)壽命長(chang)等(deng)特點，成為工業(ye)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)發(fa)展的(de)(de)新方向。
濾筒(tong)式除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)的結構(gou)是由(you)進風管、排風管、箱(xiang)體、灰斗、清灰裝置、導流(liu)裝置、氣流(liu)分流(liu)分布板(ban)、濾筒(tong)及電控裝置組成，類似氣箱(xiang)脈沖袋除(chu)塵(chen)結構(gou)。
濾筒在(zai)(zai)除(chu)塵器中的布置很(hen)重要，既可以(yi)垂直(zhi)布置在(zai)(zai)箱(xiang)體(ti)花(hua)板(ban)(ban)上，也(ye)可以(yi)傾斜(xie)布置 在(zai)(zai)花(hua)板(ban)(ban)上，從清(qing)灰效果看(kan)，垂直(zhi)布置較為(wei)合理。花(hua)板(ban)(ban)下部為(wei)過濾室(shi)，上部為(wei)氣箱(xiang)脈沖室(shi)。在(zai)(zai)除(chu)塵器入口處裝有氣流分布板(ban)(ban)。
含(han)塵(chen)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)進(jin)入除塵(chen)器(qi)灰斗后(hou)，由于氣(qi)(qi)流斷面突(tu)然(ran)擴大(da)及氣(qi)(qi)流分布板作用(yong)，氣(qi)(qi)流中(zhong)一部分粗大(da)顆粒(li)在動和慣性力(li)作用(yong)下沉降在灰斗；粒(li)度(du)細(xi)、密度(du)小的塵(chen)粒(li)進(jin)入濾塵(chen)室(shi)后(hou)，通過(guo)布朗擴散和篩濾等(deng)組合效(xiao)應，使粉塵(chen)沉積在濾料表面上，凈化(hua)后(hou)的氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)進(jin)入凈氣(qi)(qi)室(shi)由排(pai)氣(qi)(qi)管經風機排(pai)出。
濾(lv)筒式除塵(chen)(chen)器的阻力隨(sui)濾(lv)料表面粉塵(chen)(chen)層厚度(du)的增加(jia)而(er)增大。阻力達到(dao)某一(yi)規(gui)定(ding)值時進行清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)。此(ci)時PLC程(cheng)序控制(zhi)脈(mo)沖(chong)閥(fa)的啟(qi)閉，首先一(yi)分(fen)室(shi)提升閥(fa)關閉，將過濾(lv)氣流(liu)截斷，然后(hou)電(dian)磁(ci)脈(mo)沖(chong)閥(fa)開啟(qi)，壓縮空氣以及短的時間在上(shang)箱體內迅速膨脹(zhang)，涌入(ru)濾(lv)筒，使濾(lv)筒膨脹(zhang)變形(xing)產生振動，并(bing)在逆(ni)向氣流(liu)沖(chong)刷(shua)的作用下，附著在濾(lv)袋外表面上(shang)的粉塵(chen)(chen)被剝離(li)落入(ru)灰(hui)斗中。清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)完畢后(hou)，電(dian)磁(ci)脈(mo)沖(chong)閥(fa)關閉，提升閥(fa)打開，該室(shi)又恢復(fu)過濾(lv)狀(zhuang)態。清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)各室(shi)依次進行，從一(yi)室(shi)清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)開始至下一(yi)次清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)開始為一(yi)個清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)周期(qi)。脫(tuo)落的粉塵(chen)(chen)掉入(ru)灰(hui)斗內通過缷(xie)灰(hui)閥(fa)排出。
在此過程(cheng)中(zhong)必須定(ding)期(qi)對濾(lv)筒進行更(geng)換(huan)和清洗，以確保過濾(lv)效果和精度，因為在過濾(lv)過程(cheng)中(zhong)粉塵除了(le)被(bei)阻(zu)隔(ge)外還有部分會沉積于濾(lv)料表面(mian)，增大(da)阻(zu)力，所以一般的正確更(geng)換(huan)時間(jian)是(shi)三至五個(ge)月！
