濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)以(yi)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)作(zuo)為過濾(lv)(lv)(lv)元件所組成(cheng)或采用脈沖噴吹的除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)。 濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)按安裝(zhuang)方式(shi)(shi)分，可(ke)以(yi)分為斜插(cha)式(shi)(shi)，側裝(zhuang)式(shi)(shi)，吊裝(zhuang)式(shi)(shi)，上裝(zhuang)式(shi)(shi)。 濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)按濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材料分，可(ke)以(yi)分為長纖維(wei)(wei)聚酯濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，復合纖維(wei)(wei)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，防(fang)靜電濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，阻(zu)燃濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，覆膜濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，納(na)米濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)等。
濾(lv)筒(tong)式除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)早在(zai)20世紀70年代就已經(jing)在(zai)日本(ben)和歐美一(yi)些國家出現(xian)，具有體積小(xiao)，效率高(gao)，投資省(sheng)，易維護等(deng)優(you)點(dian)，但(dan)因(yin)其設備(bei)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)小(xiao)，難組(zu)合成(cheng)大風(feng)量(liang)(liang)設備(bei)，過(guo)濾(lv)風(feng)速偏低(di)，應(ying)用范圍窄，僅在(zai)糧(liang)食、焊接等(deng)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)應(ying)用，所以多年來未能大量(liang)(liang)推(tui)廣。近年來，隨著新技術(shu)、新材料不斷地(di)發展(zhan)，以日本(ben)，美國的公司(si)為代表，對(dui)(dui)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)的結構和濾(lv)料進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了改進(jin)，使得(de)濾(lv)筒(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)廣泛地(di)應(ying)用于水泥、鋼(gang)鐵、電力、食品、冶(ye)金、化工等(deng)工業(ye)領域，整體容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)增加(jia)數倍，成(cheng)為過(guo)濾(lv)面(mian)積>2000m2大型除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)（GB6719－86類），是解決傳(chuan)統除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)對(dui)(dui)超細粉塵(chen)(chen)收集難、過(guo)濾(lv)風(feng)速高(gao)、清灰效果差(cha)、濾(lv)袋易磨損(sun)破漏、運行(xing)(xing)成(cheng)本(ben)高(gao)的上好方案(an)，和市場上現(xian)有各(ge)種袋式、靜電除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)相比(bi)具有有效過(guo)濾(lv)面(mian)積大、壓(ya)差(cha)低(di)、低(di)排放、體積小(xiao)、使用壽命(ming)長(chang)等(deng)特點(dian)，成(cheng)為工業(ye)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)發展(zhan)的新方向。
濾筒式(shi)除塵器的結(jie)構是由(you)進風(feng)管、排風(feng)管、箱(xiang)體(ti)、灰斗、清灰裝置、導流裝置、氣(qi)(qi)流分流分布板、濾筒及電控裝置組(zu)成，類似氣(qi)(qi)箱(xiang)脈(mo)沖袋除塵結(jie)構。
濾筒在除(chu)塵器(qi)中的布(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)很重(zhong)要(yao)，既可以垂直布(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)在箱體花(hua)(hua)板(ban)(ban)上，也可以傾斜布(bu)置(zhi)(zhi) 在花(hua)(hua)板(ban)(ban)上，從清(qing)灰效(xiao)果看，垂直布(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)較為(wei)(wei)合理。花(hua)(hua)板(ban)(ban)下(xia)部為(wei)(wei)過濾室，上部為(wei)(wei)氣箱脈沖室。在除(chu)塵器(qi)入口(kou)處裝有(you)氣流分布(bu)板(ban)(ban)。
含塵氣體進(jin)(jin)入(ru)除塵器(qi)灰斗后(hou)，由(you)于氣流(liu)斷面(mian)突(tu)然擴大及氣流(liu)分布(bu)板(ban)作用，氣流(liu)中一部(bu)分粗大顆粒(li)在動和慣性力作用下沉(chen)降在灰斗；粒(li)度(du)細、密度(du)小(xiao)的(de)塵粒(li)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)濾塵室后(hou)，通過布(bu)朗(lang)擴散和篩濾等(deng)組合效(xiao)應，使(shi)粉塵沉(chen)積在濾料表面(mian)上，凈化后(hou)的(de)氣體進(jin)(jin)入(ru)凈氣室由(you)排氣管經風機(ji)排出。
濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)式除塵(chen)(chen)器的阻力(li)隨濾(lv)(lv)料(liao)表面(mian)粉塵(chen)(chen)層厚度的增加(jia)而(er)增大(da)。阻力(li)達(da)到某一規定值時(shi)進(jin)行(xing)清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)(hui)。此時(shi)PLC程(cheng)序控(kong)制脈沖(chong)閥(fa)的啟閉(bi)，首先一分室(shi)(shi)提升閥(fa)關(guan)閉(bi)，將過濾(lv)(lv)氣流截(jie)斷，然后(hou)電磁(ci)脈沖(chong)閥(fa)開啟，壓(ya)縮空氣以(yi)及短的時(shi)間(jian)在(zai)上箱(xiang)體(ti)內迅速膨脹(zhang)，涌入濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)，使濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)膨脹(zhang)變形產生(sheng)振動，并在(zai)逆(ni)向氣流沖(chong)刷的作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)，附著(zhu)在(zai)濾(lv)(lv)袋外(wai)表面(mian)上的粉塵(chen)(chen)被剝離落入灰(hui)(hui)斗(dou)中。清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)(hui)完畢后(hou)，電磁(ci)脈沖(chong)閥(fa)關(guan)閉(bi)，提升閥(fa)打開，該室(shi)(shi)又恢復過濾(lv)(lv)狀態。清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)(hui)各室(shi)(shi)依次(ci)進(jin)行(xing)，從(cong)一室(shi)(shi)清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)(hui)開始(shi)至下(xia)一次(ci)清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)(hui)開始(shi)為(wei)一個清(qing)(qing)灰(hui)(hui)周期(qi)。脫落的粉塵(chen)(chen)掉入灰(hui)(hui)斗(dou)內通過缷(xie)灰(hui)(hui)閥(fa)排出(chu)。
在此過(guo)程中必須(xu)定期對濾(lv)筒(tong)進行(xing)更換和(he)清洗，以(yi)確保過(guo)濾(lv)效果(guo)和(he)精(jing)度(du)，因(yin)為(wei)在過(guo)濾(lv)過(guo)程中粉塵除(chu)了被(bei)阻(zu)隔外還有部分會沉積于濾(lv)料表面(mian)，增大阻(zu)力，所以(yi)一般(ban)的正(zheng)確更換時間是三至五個月！
