濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)以濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)作為過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)元(yuan)件(jian)所組成(cheng)或采用脈(mo)沖(chong)噴吹的(de)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)。 濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)按安裝方式(shi)(shi)分，可(ke)以分為斜插式(shi)(shi)，側裝式(shi)(shi)，吊裝式(shi)(shi)，上(shang)裝式(shi)(shi)。 濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)按濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材料分，可(ke)以分為長纖(xian)維聚酯濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，復(fu)合纖(xian)維濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，防(fang)靜(jing)電濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，阻燃(ran)濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，覆膜(mo)濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，納(na)米(mi)濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)等。
濾(lv)(lv)筒式除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)早在20世(shi)紀70年(nian)代(dai)就已經在日本和歐美一些國家出現(xian)，具有體積(ji)小(xiao)，效率高(gao)，投資省，易維護等優(you)點(dian)，但因其設(she)備(bei)容量(liang)(liang)小(xiao)，難組合(he)成(cheng)大風量(liang)(liang)設(she)備(bei)，過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)風速偏低(di)，應用范圍窄，僅(jin)在糧食、焊接等行業應用，所以多年(nian)來未能大量(liang)(liang)推廣。近(jin)年(nian)來，隨(sui)著新技術、新材料不斷(duan)地發(fa)展，以日本，美國的(de)公(gong)司為(wei)代(dai)表，對(dui)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)的(de)結構和濾(lv)(lv)料進行了改(gai)進，使得濾(lv)(lv)筒除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)廣泛地應用于水泥、鋼鐵、電(dian)力、食品(pin)、冶金、化(hua)工(gong)(gong)等工(gong)(gong)業領域，整(zheng)體容量(liang)(liang)增加數倍(bei)，成(cheng)為(wei)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)面積(ji)>2000m2大型除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)（GB6719－86類），是(shi)解決傳統除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)對(dui)超細粉塵(chen)(chen)收(shou)集難、過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)風速高(gao)、清灰效果差、濾(lv)(lv)袋易磨損破漏、運行成(cheng)本高(gao)的(de)上好(hao)方案，和市場上現(xian)有各種(zhong)袋式、靜電(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)相(xiang)比具有有效過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)面積(ji)大、壓差低(di)、低(di)排(pai)放、體積(ji)小(xiao)、使用壽命長等特點(dian)，成(cheng)為(wei)工(gong)(gong)業除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)發(fa)展的(de)新方向。
濾(lv)筒式(shi)除塵器的(de)結(jie)構是由進風(feng)(feng)管、排風(feng)(feng)管、箱體、灰(hui)斗、清(qing)灰(hui)裝置(zhi)、導流(liu)裝置(zhi)、氣流(liu)分流(liu)分布板、濾(lv)筒及電控裝置(zhi)組成(cheng)，類似(si)氣箱脈沖(chong)袋除塵結(jie)構。
濾筒在除塵器(qi)中(zhong)的布(bu)(bu)置很重要(yao)，既可以垂直布(bu)(bu)置在箱(xiang)體花板上(shang)，也可以傾斜布(bu)(bu)置 在花板上(shang)，從清灰效果看，垂直布(bu)(bu)置較為(wei)(wei)(wei)合理(li)。花板下部為(wei)(wei)(wei)過濾室，上(shang)部為(wei)(wei)(wei)氣箱(xiang)脈沖室。在除塵器(qi)入口處(chu)裝有(you)氣流分布(bu)(bu)板。
含(han)塵(chen)氣(qi)體進(jin)(jin)入除塵(chen)器灰(hui)斗后(hou)，由于氣(qi)流斷面突然擴(kuo)大(da)及氣(qi)流分布板作用，氣(qi)流中一部(bu)分粗大(da)顆粒在(zai)動(dong)和慣性(xing)力作用下沉降在(zai)灰(hui)斗；粒度細、密度小的(de)塵(chen)粒進(jin)(jin)入濾塵(chen)室(shi)后(hou)，通過布朗擴(kuo)散和篩(shai)濾等組合效應，使粉塵(chen)沉積在(zai)濾料表(biao)面上(shang)，凈化后(hou)的(de)氣(qi)體進(jin)(jin)入凈氣(qi)室(shi)由排(pai)氣(qi)管經(jing)風機排(pai)出。
濾(lv)(lv)筒式除(chu)塵(chen)器的阻力隨濾(lv)(lv)料表(biao)(biao)面粉(fen)塵(chen)層厚度的增加而增大。阻力達到(dao)某一(yi)規定(ding)值時(shi)進行(xing)清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)。此時(shi)PLC程序控制脈沖閥(fa)(fa)的啟閉，首先一(yi)分(fen)室(shi)提升(sheng)閥(fa)(fa)關閉，將過濾(lv)(lv)氣流(liu)截斷(duan)，然后(hou)電磁脈沖閥(fa)(fa)開啟，壓(ya)縮空(kong)氣以及(ji)短的時(shi)間在(zai)上箱體內(nei)(nei)迅速膨(peng)脹，涌入濾(lv)(lv)筒，使濾(lv)(lv)筒膨(peng)脹變形產生振(zhen)動，并(bing)在(zai)逆向氣流(liu)沖刷的作(zuo)用下，附著在(zai)濾(lv)(lv)袋外表(biao)(biao)面上的粉(fen)塵(chen)被剝離(li)落入灰(hui)(hui)斗中。清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)完畢后(hou)，電磁脈沖閥(fa)(fa)關閉，提升(sheng)閥(fa)(fa)打開，該(gai)室(shi)又恢復過濾(lv)(lv)狀態。清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)各室(shi)依次進行(xing)，從一(yi)室(shi)清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)開始至下一(yi)次清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)開始為一(yi)個清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)周期。脫(tuo)落的粉(fen)塵(chen)掉入灰(hui)(hui)斗內(nei)(nei)通過缷灰(hui)(hui)閥(fa)(fa)排出。
在此過(guo)程中必須定期(qi)對濾(lv)(lv)筒進(jin)行更(geng)換和清(qing)洗(xi)，以(yi)確保過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)效果和精度，因為在過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)過(guo)程中粉(fen)塵除了被阻(zu)隔外還有部(bu)分會沉積(ji)于濾(lv)(lv)料表面，增大(da)阻(zu)力，所以(yi)一般(ban)的正確更(geng)換時間是(shi)三至(zhi)五個月！
