濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器以(yi)濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)作為(wei)過濾(lv)元件所組成或(huo)采用脈(mo)沖噴吹的除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器。 濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器按(an)安裝(zhuang)方式(shi)分,可(ke)以(yi)分為(wei)斜插(cha)式(shi),側裝(zhuang)式(shi),吊裝(zhuang)式(shi),上裝(zhuang)式(shi)。 濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器按(an)濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)材料分,可(ke)以(yi)分為(wei)長纖維聚酯濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器,復合(he)纖維濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器,防靜電(dian)濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器,阻燃濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器,覆膜濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器,納(na)米濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器等。
濾(lv)(lv)筒式(shi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器早在(zai)(zai)20世紀70年(nian)(nian)代就已經在(zai)(zai)日本(ben)和(he)歐美(mei)一(yi)些國家出(chu)現,具有(you)(you)體積(ji)小,效率(lv)高,投資省,易維護等(deng)優點(dian),但因其(qi)設備容量(liang)小,難組合成(cheng)大風(feng)(feng)量(liang)設備,過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)風(feng)(feng)速(su)偏低(di)(di),應(ying)用(yong)范圍窄,僅在(zai)(zai)糧(liang)食、焊接(jie)等(deng)行業應(ying)用(yong),所以(yi)多年(nian)(nian)來(lai)(lai)未能大量(liang)推廣。近年(nian)(nian)來(lai)(lai),隨(sui)著(zhu)新(xin)技術、新(xin)材料不(bu)斷地發展,以(yi)日本(ben),美(mei)國的(de)公司為(wei)(wei)代表,對除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器的(de)結構和(he)濾(lv)(lv)料進行了(le)改進,使(shi)得濾(lv)(lv)筒除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器廣泛地應(ying)用(yong)于(yu)水泥、鋼鐵、電力、食品、冶金、化工等(deng)工業領域,整體容量(liang)增加數倍,成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)面積(ji)>2000m2大型除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(GB6719-86類),是解(jie)決傳統除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器對超細粉(fen)塵(chen)收集難、過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)風(feng)(feng)速(su)高、清灰效果差、濾(lv)(lv)袋易磨(mo)損破漏、運行成(cheng)本(ben)高的(de)上好方案,和(he)市場上現有(you)(you)各種袋式(shi)、靜電除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器相比具有(you)(you)有(you)(you)效過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)面積(ji)大、壓差低(di)(di)、低(di)(di)排(pai)放、體積(ji)小、使(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)長等(deng)特點(dian),成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)工業除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器發展的(de)新(xin)方向。
濾筒(tong)(tong)式除(chu)塵器(qi)的結(jie)構是由進風管(guan)、排風管(guan)、箱體(ti)、灰斗、清灰裝(zhuang)置、導(dao)流裝(zhuang)置、氣(qi)流分流分布板、濾筒(tong)(tong)及(ji)電(dian)控裝(zhuang)置組成(cheng),類似氣(qi)箱脈(mo)沖袋除(chu)塵結(jie)構。
濾(lv)筒在除(chu)塵器(qi)中的布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)很(hen)重要,既可以垂直布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)在箱體花(hua)板上(shang),也可以傾斜(xie)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi) 在花(hua)板上(shang),從清灰效(xiao)果看,垂直布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)較(jiao)為(wei)合理。花(hua)板下部為(wei)過(guo)濾(lv)室,上(shang)部為(wei)氣(qi)箱脈沖(chong)室。在除(chu)塵器(qi)入口處(chu)裝有(you)氣(qi)流(liu)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)板。
含塵(chen)氣(qi)(qi)體進(jin)入(ru)除塵(chen)器灰斗(dou)后,由(you)于氣(qi)(qi)流(liu)斷面突然(ran)擴大(da)及氣(qi)(qi)流(liu)分(fen)布(bu)板作用(yong),氣(qi)(qi)流(liu)中(zhong)一部(bu)分(fen)粗大(da)顆粒在動(dong)和慣性力作用(yong)下沉(chen)降(jiang)在灰斗(dou);粒度(du)細、密度(du)小的塵(chen)粒進(jin)入(ru)濾塵(chen)室后,通過(guo)布(bu)朗擴散和篩(shai)濾等組合效(xiao)應(ying),使粉塵(chen)沉(chen)積(ji)在濾料表面上,凈化(hua)后的氣(qi)(qi)體進(jin)入(ru)凈氣(qi)(qi)室由(you)排(pai)氣(qi)(qi)管經風機排(pai)出(chu)。
濾(lv)筒式除塵(chen)(chen)器的(de)阻(zu)力隨濾(lv)料(liao)表面(mian)粉塵(chen)(chen)層厚度的(de)增加而(er)增大。阻(zu)力達到某一規(gui)定(ding)值時進行(xing)(xing)清灰。此時PLC程序控制(zhi)脈沖(chong)(chong)閥(fa)的(de)啟閉(bi),首(shou)先一分室提(ti)(ti)升閥(fa)關閉(bi),將過濾(lv)氣流(liu)截斷(duan),然后電磁脈沖(chong)(chong)閥(fa)開啟,壓縮空氣以及短的(de)時間在上(shang)箱(xiang)體內迅速膨(peng)脹(zhang),涌入(ru)濾(lv)筒,使濾(lv)筒膨(peng)脹(zhang)變形產生(sheng)振動(dong),并在逆向氣流(liu)沖(chong)(chong)刷的(de)作用下,附著在濾(lv)袋外表面(mian)上(shang)的(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)被剝離(li)落(luo)入(ru)灰斗中(zhong)。清灰完畢后,電磁脈沖(chong)(chong)閥(fa)關閉(bi),提(ti)(ti)升閥(fa)打開,該室又恢復過濾(lv)狀(zhuang)態。清灰各(ge)室依(yi)次進行(xing)(xing),從一室清灰開始至下一次清灰開始為一個清灰周期。脫落(luo)的(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)掉(diao)入(ru)灰斗內通過缷灰閥(fa)排出。
在此過程中必須定期對濾(lv)筒進行更換和清洗,以確(que)保過濾(lv)效果和精度(du),因為在過濾(lv)過程中粉塵(chen)除了被阻隔外(wai)還(huan)有(you)部分(fen)會沉積于濾(lv)料表面,增大阻力,所(suo)以一般的(de)正(zheng)確(que)更換時間是三(san)至五個月!