濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)以(yi)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)作為(wei)(wei)過濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)元件所組成或采用脈沖噴吹的除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)。 濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)按安裝方式(shi)(shi)分，可以(yi)分為(wei)(wei)斜插式(shi)(shi)，側裝式(shi)(shi)，吊裝式(shi)(shi)，上(shang)裝式(shi)(shi)。 濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)按濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材(cai)料分，可以(yi)分為(wei)(wei)長纖(xian)(xian)維聚(ju)酯濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，復合纖(xian)(xian)維濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，防(fang)靜電(dian)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，阻燃濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，覆(fu)膜濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)，納米濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)等。
濾(lv)筒式除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)早在20世紀70年代就已經在日本(ben)和(he)歐(ou)美一些國家(jia)出現(xian)，具(ju)有體積小，效率(lv)高(gao)，投資(zi)省，易維護等(deng)優點(dian)，但因其設備容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)小，難組合(he)成大(da)風量(liang)(liang)(liang)設備，過濾(lv)風速偏(pian)低，應(ying)用(yong)(yong)范圍窄(zhai)，僅(jin)在糧食、焊接等(deng)行(xing)業(ye)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)，所以(yi)多年來(lai)未能大(da)量(liang)(liang)(liang)推廣。近(jin)年來(lai)，隨著(zhu)新(xin)技術、新(xin)材料不斷(duan)地發展，以(yi)日本(ben)，美國的公司為(wei)代表，對除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的結構和(he)濾(lv)料進行(xing)了改進，使(shi)得濾(lv)筒除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)廣泛地應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于水泥、鋼鐵、電力、食品、冶金、化(hua)工(gong)等(deng)工(gong)業(ye)領域，整體容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)增加數倍，成為(wei)過濾(lv)面積>2000m2大(da)型(xing)除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)（GB6719－86類(lei)），是解決傳統(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對超細粉塵收集難、過濾(lv)風速高(gao)、清灰(hui)效果差、濾(lv)袋易磨損破漏(lou)、運行(xing)成本(ben)高(gao)的上好方案，和(he)市(shi)場上現(xian)有各種袋式、靜電除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)相(xiang)比具(ju)有有效過濾(lv)面積大(da)、壓差低、低排(pai)放、體積小、使(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命長等(deng)特點(dian)，成為(wei)工(gong)業(ye)除(chu)(chu)塵器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)發展的新(xin)方向。
濾筒式除塵(chen)器(qi)的結(jie)構是由進(jin)風管、排(pai)風管、箱體(ti)、灰斗、清(qing)灰裝(zhuang)置(zhi)、導流裝(zhuang)置(zhi)、氣流分(fen)流分(fen)布(bu)板(ban)、濾筒及電控(kong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)組(zu)成，類(lei)似氣箱脈沖袋除塵(chen)結(jie)構。
濾(lv)筒在除塵器中的(de)布置(zhi)很重要(yao)，既(ji)可(ke)(ke)以垂(chui)直布置(zhi)在箱體花(hua)(hua)板上，也可(ke)(ke)以傾斜布置(zhi) 在花(hua)(hua)板上，從清灰效果看，垂(chui)直布置(zhi)較為(wei)合理。花(hua)(hua)板下部(bu)為(wei)過濾(lv)室，上部(bu)為(wei)氣箱脈沖室。在除塵器入口處裝有氣流(liu)分(fen)布板。
含(han)塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)體進入除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器灰斗后(hou)，由(you)于氣(qi)流(liu)斷面突然擴(kuo)大及(ji)氣(qi)流(liu)分布(bu)板作用(yong)，氣(qi)流(liu)中一部分粗大顆粒(li)在動(dong)和慣性(xing)力作用(yong)下沉降(jiang)在灰斗；粒(li)度細、密度小的塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)進入濾(lv)塵(chen)(chen)室(shi)后(hou)，通過布(bu)朗(lang)擴(kuo)散和篩濾(lv)等(deng)組合效應，使粉塵(chen)(chen)沉積在濾(lv)料表面上，凈化后(hou)的氣(qi)體進入凈氣(qi)室(shi)由(you)排氣(qi)管經(jing)風機排出。
濾筒式除(chu)塵器的阻(zu)力隨濾料表面粉塵層厚(hou)度(du)的增(zeng)加而增(zeng)大。阻(zu)力達到某一(yi)(yi)規(gui)定值時(shi)進(jin)行清(qing)(qing)(qing)灰(hui)。此時(shi)PLC程序控制脈沖(chong)(chong)(chong)閥(fa)的啟閉(bi)，首先一(yi)(yi)分室(shi)(shi)提升閥(fa)關(guan)閉(bi)，將(jiang)過(guo)濾氣流截斷，然后(hou)電(dian)磁(ci)脈沖(chong)(chong)(chong)閥(fa)開(kai)啟，壓縮空(kong)氣以(yi)及(ji)短的時(shi)間在(zai)上(shang)箱體內迅速膨脹，涌入濾筒，使(shi)濾筒膨脹變(bian)形(xing)產生振動，并在(zai)逆(ni)向氣流沖(chong)(chong)(chong)刷(shua)的作(zuo)用下(xia)，附著在(zai)濾袋外表面上(shang)的粉塵被剝離落(luo)入灰(hui)斗(dou)中。清(qing)(qing)(qing)灰(hui)完畢后(hou)，電(dian)磁(ci)脈沖(chong)(chong)(chong)閥(fa)關(guan)閉(bi)，提升閥(fa)打開(kai)，該室(shi)(shi)又恢復過(guo)濾狀態。清(qing)(qing)(qing)灰(hui)各(ge)室(shi)(shi)依次進(jin)行，從(cong)一(yi)(yi)室(shi)(shi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)灰(hui)開(kai)始至下(xia)一(yi)(yi)次清(qing)(qing)(qing)灰(hui)開(kai)始為一(yi)(yi)個清(qing)(qing)(qing)灰(hui)周期。脫落(luo)的粉塵掉入灰(hui)斗(dou)內通過(guo)缷灰(hui)閥(fa)排出(chu)。
在(zai)此過(guo)程中必須(xu)定期對濾(lv)(lv)筒進(jin)行更換(huan)和清洗，以確保過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)效(xiao)果和精度，因為在(zai)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)過(guo)程中粉(fen)塵除(chu)了被阻(zu)隔外(wai)還有(you)部分會沉(chen)積于濾(lv)(lv)料表(biao)面，增大阻(zu)力，所以一般的(de)正確更換(huan)時間是三至(zhi)五(wu)個月！
