濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)以濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)作為(wei)(wei)過濾(lv)(lv)(lv)元件(jian)所組成或采用脈(mo)沖(chong)噴(pen)吹的除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)。 濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)按安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)方(fang)式分(fen)，可以分(fen)為(wei)(wei)斜(xie)插(cha)式，側裝(zhuang)(zhuang)式，吊裝(zhuang)(zhuang)式，上裝(zhuang)(zhuang)式。 濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)按濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材料分(fen)，可以分(fen)為(wei)(wei)長(chang)纖維(wei)聚酯濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，復合纖維(wei)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，防靜電濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，阻燃濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，覆膜濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)，納米濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)等。
濾筒(tong)式除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)早在(zai)20世(shi)紀70年代就(jiu)已經在(zai)日本和歐美一些國(guo)家出現(xian)，具有體(ti)(ti)積(ji)(ji)小(xiao)，效率高，投資省，易(yi)維(wei)護(hu)等(deng)優點(dian)，但因其(qi)設(she)(she)備(bei)容量(liang)小(xiao)，難組合成(cheng)大(da)(da)風(feng)量(liang)設(she)(she)備(bei)，過(guo)(guo)濾風(feng)速偏低，應(ying)(ying)(ying)用范圍窄，僅在(zai)糧(liang)食、焊接(jie)等(deng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業應(ying)(ying)(ying)用，所以多(duo)年來未能(neng)大(da)(da)量(liang)推廣。近年來，隨著(zhu)新技(ji)術、新材料(liao)不斷地發展，以日本，美國(guo)的(de)公(gong)司為(wei)代表，對(dui)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)的(de)結構(gou)和濾料(liao)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)了改進，使得(de)濾筒(tong)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)廣泛(fan)地應(ying)(ying)(ying)用于(yu)水(shui)泥、鋼鐵、電力、食品、冶(ye)金、化(hua)工等(deng)工業領(ling)域，整體(ti)(ti)容量(liang)增加數倍，成(cheng)為(wei)過(guo)(guo)濾面(mian)積(ji)(ji)>2000m2大(da)(da)型除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)（GB6719－86類），是解決(jue)傳統除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)對(dui)超細(xi)粉塵(chen)收(shou)集難、過(guo)(guo)濾風(feng)速高、清灰效果差(cha)、濾袋易(yi)磨(mo)損破漏、運行(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)本高的(de)上好(hao)方(fang)案，和市場上現(xian)有各種袋式、靜電除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)相(xiang)比(bi)具有有效過(guo)(guo)濾面(mian)積(ji)(ji)大(da)(da)、壓(ya)差(cha)低、低排放(fang)、體(ti)(ti)積(ji)(ji)小(xiao)、使用壽命長(chang)等(deng)特(te)點(dian)，成(cheng)為(wei)工業除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)發展的(de)新方(fang)向。
濾筒式除塵器(qi)的(de)結構是由進風(feng)管(guan)、排(pai)風(feng)管(guan)、箱體、灰斗、清灰裝置、導流裝置、氣(qi)(qi)流分流分布(bu)板、濾筒及電控裝置組成，類似氣(qi)(qi)箱脈(mo)沖袋(dai)除塵結構。
濾筒在(zai)除(chu)塵(chen)器中的布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)很重要，既(ji)可(ke)以垂(chui)直布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)在(zai)箱體花(hua)板(ban)(ban)上，也可(ke)以傾斜布(bu)(bu)置(zhi) 在(zai)花(hua)板(ban)(ban)上，從清灰效果看，垂(chui)直布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)較為合理(li)。花(hua)板(ban)(ban)下部為過濾室，上部為氣(qi)箱脈(mo)沖室。在(zai)除(chu)塵(chen)器入口(kou)處裝(zhuang)有(you)氣(qi)流分布(bu)(bu)板(ban)(ban)。
含(han)塵氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)除塵器(qi)灰斗后，由(you)于(yu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)斷面(mian)(mian)突然擴大及氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)分布板作(zuo)用(yong)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)中一部分粗大顆(ke)粒在(zai)動和慣(guan)性力作(zuo)用(yong)下沉(chen)降在(zai)灰斗；粒度細、密度小的塵粒進(jin)(jin)入(ru)濾(lv)塵室后，通過布朗(lang)擴散和篩濾(lv)等組合(he)效(xiao)應，使粉塵沉(chen)積在(zai)濾(lv)料表(biao)面(mian)(mian)上，凈化(hua)后的氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)凈氣(qi)(qi)(qi)室由(you)排(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)管經風機排(pai)出。
濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)式除塵(chen)(chen)器的阻力隨濾(lv)料表面(mian)粉塵(chen)(chen)層(ceng)厚度的增加而增大。阻力達到某一(yi)規定值(zhi)時進(jin)行(xing)清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)。此時PLC程序控制脈沖(chong)閥(fa)的啟(qi)閉，首先一(yi)分室(shi)提(ti)升閥(fa)關(guan)閉，將過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)氣流(liu)截斷，然后電磁脈沖(chong)閥(fa)開啟(qi)，壓(ya)縮(suo)空氣以(yi)及短的時間在上箱體內迅速膨(peng)脹，涌入(ru)濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)，使濾(lv)筒(tong)(tong)膨(peng)脹變形產生振動(dong)，并(bing)在逆向(xiang)氣流(liu)沖(chong)刷的作用下(xia)，附著在濾(lv)袋外表面(mian)上的粉塵(chen)(chen)被(bei)剝(bo)離落入(ru)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)斗中(zhong)。清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)完(wan)畢后，電磁脈沖(chong)閥(fa)關(guan)閉，提(ti)升閥(fa)打開，該(gai)室(shi)又(you)恢復過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)狀態。清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)各室(shi)依次進(jin)行(xing)，從一(yi)室(shi)清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)開始(shi)至下(xia)一(yi)次清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)開始(shi)為(wei)一(yi)個清(qing)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)周期。脫落的粉塵(chen)(chen)掉入(ru)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)斗內通過(guo)(guo)缷灰(hui)(hui)(hui)閥(fa)排出。
在此過程(cheng)中必(bi)須定期對濾筒進(jin)行更換(huan)和清洗，以(yi)確保(bao)過濾效(xiao)果和精(jing)度，因為在過濾過程(cheng)中粉塵除了被阻隔(ge)外還有部(bu)分會沉積于(yu)濾料(liao)表(biao)面，增(zeng)大阻力，所(suo)以(yi)一般的正(zheng)確更換(huan)時間(jian)是(shi)三至五個月！
