濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)以濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)作為過濾(lv)(lv)元(yuan)件(jian)所(suo)組成或(huo)采用脈沖噴吹的除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。 濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)按(an)安裝(zhuang)方(fang)式(shi)分(fen)，可以分(fen)為斜插式(shi)，側裝(zhuang)式(shi)，吊裝(zhuang)式(shi)，上(shang)裝(zhuang)式(shi)。 濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)按(an)濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材料(liao)分(fen)，可以分(fen)為長纖維(wei)(wei)聚酯濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，復合纖維(wei)(wei)濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，防靜電濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，阻(zu)燃濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，覆(fu)膜濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，納米濾(lv)(lv)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)等。
濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)式除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)早在20世紀70年(nian)(nian)代(dai)就已經在日(ri)本(ben)和(he)(he)歐美一些國家出現，具有體積(ji)(ji)小，效(xiao)率高，投(tou)資省(sheng)，易維護等優點，但因其設(she)備容(rong)量小，難(nan)組合成(cheng)大(da)風(feng)量設(she)備，過濾(lv)(lv)(lv)風(feng)速偏低，應(ying)用范圍窄，僅在糧食(shi)、焊接等行(xing)業應(ying)用，所(suo)以多(duo)年(nian)(nian)來(lai)未能大(da)量推廣。近(jin)年(nian)(nian)來(lai)，隨著新(xin)技術、新(xin)材(cai)料(liao)不斷地(di)發展，以日(ri)本(ben)，美國的(de)公(gong)司(si)為代(dai)表，對除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)結構和(he)(he)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)料(liao)進行(xing)了改進，使得濾(lv)(lv)(lv)筒(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)廣泛地(di)應(ying)用于水泥(ni)、鋼鐵、電力、食(shi)品、冶(ye)金、化工(gong)等工(gong)業領域，整體容(rong)量增加數倍(bei)，成(cheng)為過濾(lv)(lv)(lv)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)>2000m2大(da)型除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)（GB6719－86類），是解決傳(chuan)統(tong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)對超細粉塵(chen)收(shou)集(ji)難(nan)、過濾(lv)(lv)(lv)風(feng)速高、清灰效(xiao)果差(cha)、濾(lv)(lv)(lv)袋易磨損(sun)破漏(lou)、運行(xing)成(cheng)本(ben)高的(de)上好方案，和(he)(he)市場上現有各種袋式、靜電除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)相比(bi)具有有效(xiao)過濾(lv)(lv)(lv)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)大(da)、壓差(cha)低、低排放、體積(ji)(ji)小、使用壽命長等特點，成(cheng)為工(gong)業除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)發展的(de)新(xin)方向。
濾筒式除(chu)塵器的結(jie)構(gou)是由進風(feng)管、排風(feng)管、箱體、灰斗、清(qing)灰裝置(zhi)(zhi)、導流(liu)(liu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)、氣(qi)流(liu)(liu)分流(liu)(liu)分布板、濾筒及電(dian)控裝置(zhi)(zhi)組成(cheng)，類似(si)氣(qi)箱脈(mo)沖(chong)袋除(chu)塵結(jie)構(gou)。
濾(lv)筒在(zai)(zai)除(chu)塵器中的布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)很重要，既可以(yi)垂直(zhi)(zhi)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)箱體(ti)花板(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)(shang)，也可以(yi)傾(qing)斜布(bu)(bu)置(zhi) 在(zai)(zai)花板(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)(shang)，從清灰效果看，垂直(zhi)(zhi)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)較為合理。花板(ban)(ban)(ban)下部為過(guo)濾(lv)室，上(shang)(shang)部為氣(qi)箱脈沖室。在(zai)(zai)除(chu)塵器入口處裝有氣(qi)流(liu)分布(bu)(bu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)。
含塵(chen)(chen)氣體(ti)進入(ru)除塵(chen)(chen)器灰斗后，由于(yu)氣流斷(duan)面突然(ran)擴大(da)及氣流分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)板(ban)作用(yong)，氣流中一部分(fen)(fen)粗大(da)顆粒在(zai)動和慣(guan)性力作用(yong)下沉降在(zai)灰斗；粒度(du)細(xi)、密度(du)小(xiao)的塵(chen)(chen)粒進入(ru)濾塵(chen)(chen)室(shi)后，通過布(bu)(bu)朗擴散(san)和篩濾等組合效應，使粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)沉積在(zai)濾料表(biao)面上，凈化后的氣體(ti)進入(ru)凈氣室(shi)由排(pai)氣管經風機排(pai)出。
濾(lv)筒式除塵(chen)器的(de)(de)阻(zu)力隨濾(lv)料表(biao)面粉塵(chen)層厚度的(de)(de)增(zeng)加而增(zeng)大。阻(zu)力達到某一(yi)規定值時進行(xing)清(qing)(qing)(qing)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)。此時PLC程序控制脈沖閥(fa)的(de)(de)啟閉(bi)，首(shou)先一(yi)分室提(ti)升閥(fa)關閉(bi)，將過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)氣(qi)流(liu)(liu)截斷，然后電(dian)磁脈沖閥(fa)開(kai)啟，壓縮空氣(qi)以(yi)及短的(de)(de)時間(jian)在上箱(xiang)體內迅速膨脹，涌(yong)入濾(lv)筒，使(shi)濾(lv)筒膨脹變(bian)形產(chan)生(sheng)振動(dong)，并在逆向氣(qi)流(liu)(liu)沖刷的(de)(de)作用(yong)下，附著在濾(lv)袋外表(biao)面上的(de)(de)粉塵(chen)被剝離落入灰(hui)(hui)(hui)斗中(zhong)。清(qing)(qing)(qing)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)完畢后，電(dian)磁脈沖閥(fa)關閉(bi)，提(ti)升閥(fa)打(da)開(kai)，該室又恢復(fu)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)狀態。清(qing)(qing)(qing)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)各(ge)室依(yi)次進行(xing)，從一(yi)室清(qing)(qing)(qing)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)開(kai)始(shi)至(zhi)下一(yi)次清(qing)(qing)(qing)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)開(kai)始(shi)為一(yi)個清(qing)(qing)(qing)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)周(zhou)期。脫落的(de)(de)粉塵(chen)掉(diao)入灰(hui)(hui)(hui)斗內通過(guo)(guo)缷灰(hui)(hui)(hui)閥(fa)排出。
在此(ci)過程(cheng)中必須定期對濾(lv)(lv)筒進行更換和清洗，以確保(bao)過濾(lv)(lv)效果(guo)和精度，因(yin)為在過濾(lv)(lv)過程(cheng)中粉塵除了被(bei)阻隔外(wai)還有部分會沉積于濾(lv)(lv)料表面，增大阻力，所以一般的正確更換時間是三至(zhi)五個月！
